Effective use of SexedULTRA™ sex-sorted semen for timed artificial insemination of beef heifers

Thomas, Jordan M.; Locke, J.W.C.; Vishwanath, R.; Hall, J. B.; Ellersieck, Mark R.; Smith, Michael F.; Patterson, David J.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.03.018

Cited by 45 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This did not differ from the 61% P/AI in heifers with patches with !50% color change (score 2). The estrus response in the current study was 64%, which is similar to the results of previous studies using the Estrotec patches for ED in beef heifers [9,11]. In addition, heifers considered in estrus before TAI had a greater P/AI compared to those not in estrus (61 vs. 32%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Although TAI does not necessitate ED, other studies have shown that P/AI increased when heifers were in estrus before TAI [5,9,16]. The use of Estrotect™ patches allows for ED with a minimum increase in labor and they have been shown to be very efficacious in determining estrus in heifers [10] based on when 50% or more of the patch had changed color.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a TAI protocol does not require estrus detection, an increase in P/AI in beef and dairy heifers has been reported when estrus was detected before insemination [8,9]. Macmillan et al [5] also found a tendency for dairy heifers detected in estrus before TAI to have increased P/AI following insemination with sex-selected semen, which could be due to a shorter and less variable interval between AI and ovulation [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estrus detection is labor and time consuming, therefore using estrus detection aids avoids the additional labor while having a high sensitivity and specificity for determining estrus [10]. In this regard, recent studies have reported that using Estrotect™ patches is beneficial for detecting estrus and determining time of insemination following the use of the 14 d CIDR-PGF protocol [9,11] or the 7-d Co-synch plus CIDR protocol [11]; however, there are few if any reports on the use of Estrotect™ patches in the modified 5-d Co-synch plus CIDR protocol in beef heifers inseminated with either conventional or sex-selected semen. The main objective of this study was to determine if expression of estrus before TAI was associated with increased P/AI in cyclic beef heifers subjected to the modified 5-d Co-synch plus CIDR TAI protocol and inseminated with either conventional or sexselected semen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a modified GnRH-based timed-AI protocol associated with estrus detection in beef heifers inseminated with sex-selected or conventional semen

et al. 2018

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The main objective was to compare pregnancy per AI (P/AI) between sex-selected and conventional semen in cyclic beef heifers subjected to a 5-day Co-synch plus CIDR protocol and evaluated the usefulness of an estrus detection (ED) aid to identify heifers that were most likely to conceive. This study also determined if the expression of estrus before timed-AI (TAI) would be associated with increased P/AI in acyclic heifers inseminated with conventional semen. Heifers (n = 1690; 320-523 kg of body weight, and 13-15 mo of age) at three locations over 2 years were scanned by ultrasonography to determine cyclicity (presence of luteal tissue) and reproductive tract normalcy. Cyclic heifers (n = 1331) received a progesterone releasing device (CIDR) on Day 0, CIDR removal and 500 μg of cloprostenol (PGF) on Day 5, and 100 μg of GnRH along with TAI on Day 8. Acyclic heifers (n = 275) received the same treatment with the addition of GnRH on Day 0. On Day 5, all heifers received ED patches (Estrotect™) that were scored from 0 to 3, based on color change between initial application and Day 8; 0 = unchanged, 1 = ≤ 50% color change, 2 = > 50% color change, 3 = missing. Estrus was defined to have occurred when an ED patch was scored 2 or 3. Cyclic heifers were inseminated with either frozen-thawed sex-selected or conventional semen from either of three sires available commercially (two per year). Acyclic heifers were inseminated with conventional semen. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed by transrectal ultrasonography 28 or 48 d after TAI, depending on management. The percentage of cyclic heifers was 83.9% and the average estrus response was 63.8%. P/AI was greater (P < 0.01) in cyclic compared to acyclic heifers (53.3 vs. 36.0%) and tended to be greater (P = 0.07) for conventional semen (52.3 vs. 47.6%), despite all acyclic heifers being inseminated with conventional semen. Heifers with an ED patch scored 2 (61.1%) or 3 (58.6%) had greater (P < 0.01) P/AI than those scored 0 (31.8%) or 1 (33.1%), regardless of semen type. Pregnancy per AI was greater (P < 0.01) for heifers detected in estrus (60.6 vs. 32.3%). In cyclic heifers that did not exhibit estrus, P/AI was lower (P < 0.01) in those inseminated with sex-selected semen (27.8 vs. 45.9%), while in heifers that exhibited estrus, P/AI only tended to be lower (P = 0.08; 56.7 vs. 65.5%). In summary, P/AI was greater in cyclic heifers, in those inseminated with conventional semen and in those exhibiting estrus before TAI. The ED patches were considered useful to identify animals for TAI with sex-selected semen and could be used to increase the adoption of this technology in beef herds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of a modified GnRH-based timed-AI protocol associated with estrus detection in beef heifers inseminated with sex-selected or conventional semen

et al. 2018

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“…The results of studies that have been performed thus far indicate that the sperm life span in sexed semen is shortened by sorting damage, which causes capacitation‐like membrane changes with reduced binding to oviduct cells, resulting in lower fertility rates when AI is performed in the field. Actually, the optimal period of AI with sexed semen is shorter than that with conventional semen in heifers . For successful conception, it seems necessary to recognize the optimal timing of AI with sexed semen, which probably should be done more close to ovulation than in the case of standard AI.…”

Section: Consideration Of Fertility Of Sexed Semenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine sperm sex‐selection technology in Japan

Naniwa

Sakamoto

Toda

et al. 2018

Reprod Medicine & Biology

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BackgroundIn Japan, Livestock Improvement Association of Japan started commercially producing sexed bovine semen 10 years ago, and sexed bovine semen is currently used for the artificial insemination (AI) in the farms. In this review, the authors introduce the technology for sperm sexing by flow cytometry, the efforts at commercializing sexed semen in Japan, and recent field data on artificial insemination of the cattle with sexed semen.MethodsIn the procedures of the flow cytometric method, X‐chromosome‐bearing sperm and Y‐chromosome‐bearing sperm were fluorescently stained, separated from each other by analyzing the difference in the DNA content, and cryopreserved. The authors surveyed the conception rates after AI with these sperm and sex ratios of the offspring with the cooperation from livestock associations, AI technicians, and farmers.Main findings (Results)Although AI with sexed semen was associated with lower conception rates in comparison with AI with conventional semen, the accuracy of sex selection using AI with sexed semen was beyond >90%.ConclusionSexed semen produced by flow cytometry has the potential to produce offspring of the preferred sex with high accuracy and reliability. Thus, it is expected that sexed semen is used for AI more frequently in the farms.

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Utilization of Sex‐Selected Semen

Kasimanickam

2021

Bovine Reproduction

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Effective use of SexedULTRA™ sex-sorted semen for timed artificial insemination of beef heifers

Cited by 45 publications

References 32 publications

Evaluation of a modified GnRH-based timed-AI protocol associated with estrus detection in beef heifers inseminated with sex-selected or conventional semen

Evaluation of a modified GnRH-based timed-AI protocol associated with estrus detection in beef heifers inseminated with sex-selected or conventional semen

Bovine sperm sex‐selection technology in Japan

Utilization of Sex‐Selected Semen

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