Effectiveness analysis of resistance and tolerance to infection

Detilleux, Johann

doi:10.1186/1297-9686-43-9

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…the ability to prevent parasite establishment or to limit their development or both (Detilleux, 2011), is known to be a sex-biased trait, females being generally more resistant than males (Poulin, 1996). For horses, this trend does not seem so obvious.…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of genetic parameters for resistance to gastro-intestinal nematodes in pure blood Arabian horses

Kornaś

Sallé

Skalska

et al. 2015

International Journal for Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of genetic parameters for resistance to gastro-intestinal nematodes in pure blood Arabian horses

Kornaś

Sallé

Skalska

et al. 2015

International Journal for Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The system of equations elaborates on a previous discrete susceptible–infected–susceptible model (Detilleux, 2011) that considers a homogeneous population of size N in which a disease is spreading. Transmission of the disease occurs via direct animal–to–animal contact.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A mathematical model to study resistance and tolerance to infection at the animal and population levels: application to E. coli mastitis

Detilleux¹

2012

Front. Gene.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A mathematical model is proposed that describes the colonization of host tissues by a contagious pathogen and the early nonspecific immune response, the impact of the infection on the performances of the host, and the spread of the infection in the population. The model obeys specific biological characteristics: Susceptible hosts are infected after contact with an infected one. The number of pathogenic units that invade a susceptible host is dependent on the infectious dose provided by the infected host and on the ability of the susceptible host to resist the invasion. After entry in host, pathogenic changes over time are expressed as the difference between the intrinsic logistic growth rate and the Holling type II kill rate provided by the immune response cells. Hosts have different ability to restrict reproduction of the pathogen units. The number of response cells actively recruited to the site of infection depends on the number of the pathogenic units. Response cells are removed after having killed a fixed number of pathogenic units. The effects of the number of pathogenic units on the performances of the host depend upon its levels of tolerance to the deleterious effects of both pathogenic and response cells. Pre-infection costs are associated to tolerance and resistance levels. Estimates of most biological parameters of the model are based on published experimental studies while resistance/tolerance parameters are varied across their allowable ranges. The model reproduces qualitatively realistic outcomes in response to infection: healthy response, recurrent infection, persistent infectious and non-infectious inflammation, and severe immunodeficiency. Evolution across time at the animal and population levels is presented. Effects on animal performances are discussed with respect to changes in resistance/tolerance parameters and selection strategies are suggested.

show abstract

“…In fact, a recent simulation study modeling mastitis in dairy cattle (Detilleux, 2011) suggested that under certain conditions increasing individual tolerance could be more effective for maintaining population health and performance than increasing individual resistance. Accumulated theoretical and empirical evidence would thus suggest that it is not a priori evident whether selection for host resistance is favorable over selection for host tolerance or vice versa .…”

Section: Why Has Genetic Improvement Of Tolerance Received Little Attmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first step toward genetic selection for host tolerance to infectious pathogens: obtaining the tolerance phenotype through group estimates

Doeschl‐Wilson¹,

Villanueva²,

Kyriazakis³

2012

Front. Gene.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reliable phenotypes are paramount for meaningful quantification of genetic variation and for estimating individual breeding values on which genetic selection is based. In this paper, we assert that genetic improvement of host tolerance to disease, although desirable, may be first of all handicapped by the ability to obtain unbiased tolerance estimates at a phenotypic level. In contrast to resistance, which can be inferred by appropriate measures of within host pathogen burden, tolerance is more difficult to quantify as it refers to change in performance with respect to changes in pathogen burden. For this reason, tolerance phenotypes have only been specified at the level of a group of individuals, where such phenotypes can be estimated using regression analysis. However, few stsudies have raised the potential bias in these estimates resulting from confounding effects between resistance and tolerance. Using a simulation approach, we demonstrate (i) how these group tolerance estimates depend on within group variation and co-variation in resistance, tolerance, and vigor (performance in a pathogen free environment); and (ii) how tolerance estimates are affected by changes in pathogen virulence over the time course of infection and by the timing of measurements. We found that in order to obtain reliable group tolerance estimates, it is important to account for individual variation in vigor, if present, and that all individuals are at the same stage of infection when measurements are taken. The latter requirement makes estimation of tolerance based on cross-sectional field data challenging, as individuals become infected at different time points and the individual onset of infection is unknown. Repeated individual measurements of within host pathogen burden and performance would not only be valuable for inferring the infection status of individuals in field conditions, but would also provide tolerance estimates that capture the entire time course of infection.

show abstract

Effectiveness analysis of resistance and tolerance to infection

Cited by 14 publications

References 41 publications

Estimation of genetic parameters for resistance to gastro-intestinal nematodes in pure blood Arabian horses

Estimation of genetic parameters for resistance to gastro-intestinal nematodes in pure blood Arabian horses

A mathematical model to study resistance and tolerance to infection at the animal and population levels: application to E. coli mastitis

The first step toward genetic selection for host tolerance to infectious pathogens: obtaining the tolerance phenotype through group estimates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About