Effectiveness and harmful effects of removal sulphated black crust from granite using Nd:YAG nanosecond pulsed laser

Pozo, S.; Barreiro, P.; Rivas, T.; González, P.; Fiorucci, M.P.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.10.129

Cited by 24 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Simulation crust cleaning by (1064nm) wavelength was very effective in eliminating the CaCO 3 from the surface [25]. The images of the cleaned stone surfaces; examined by optical microscope, showed better cleaning results with oxygen or nitrogen ambient gases; figure (8-C&E).…”

Section: Laser Cleaning Of Stonesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Laser surface cleaning of stones and some metal objects

Hamoudi¹,

Edan²,

Ibrahim

2015

ETJ

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Iron, copper and stone samples were cleaned by Nd: YAG laser using different number of nano laser pulses at variable intensities. Fundamental (1.06 µm) and frequency doubled (0.53 µm) wavelengths cleaning efficiency was tested by measuring the crust and oxide removal rate. A laboratory environmental chamber was built and utilized to study the effect of processing gas on the cleaning process. Surface ref lectivity, SEM and optical microscope investigations indicated the effectiveness of Nd: YAG laser cleaning without damaging the surface. The use of high laser pulse energies helped achieving reasonably good and fast cleaning, whereas low laser energy required larger number of pulses, but ensured safe cleaning. Optimum results were obtained when using the fundamental laser wavelength under O 2 environment.

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Section: Laser Cleaning Of Stonesmentioning

confidence: 93%

Laser surface cleaning of stones and some metal objects

Hamoudi¹,

Edan²,

Ibrahim

2015

ETJ

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“…This new technique seemed very promising for conservation treatments at a time where heritage objects needed cleaning more frequently [2]. Since Asmus' works, many studies on laser cleaning have been conducted and explored the differences induced by changing the laser parameters such as the emitting wavelength, the laser energy, and the pulse duration on different materials and various contaminants including biological colonization (lichens, algae) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], black sulphated gypsum crusts [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], dirt and environmental soiling [25], corrosion products [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], or graffiti [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]…”

Section: The Development Of Laser Cleaning For Heritage Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards safe and effective femtosecond laser cleaning for the preservation of historic monuments

et al. 2023

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We explore femtosecond laser cleaning of materials used in the construction of historic monuments, such as stone and steel covered in typical contaminants caused by harsh environments that may be found in urban areas. We address the cleaning of these materials from a conservation perspective, taking as examples the preservation and cleaning of iconic structures such as the steel and the granite of the Sydney Harbour Bridge, Hawkesbury sandstone, a popular building material of a variety of monuments in Sydney (Australia), Makrana marble taken from the Soami Bagh Samadh temple of Agra in India, and also graffiti removal. We demonstrate that femtosecond laser pulses can clean a range of different contaminants such as biofilm, environmental soiling, rust, and spray paints, while preserving the integrity of the underlying substrates. Femtosecond laser cleaning is a fast and effective method and a safer alternative to lasers with longer pulse durations for the preservation of historic monuments.

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“…The physical (e.g., rubbing, abrasives) and chemical (e.g., solvents) methods are considered traditional and to carry some risks such as excessive aggressiveness and the inability to distinguish the crust to be removed from the original substrate. On the other hand, in recent decades new techniques have been experimented such as laser and biological cleaning [75][76][77][78].…”

Section: Intervention Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Air Pollution on Stone Materials

et al. 2023

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Air pollution can have a significant impact on stone materials used in monuments, buildings, and sculptures. Sulfur and nitrogen oxides are particularly harmful pollutants, especially in carbonate stones. These oxides, reacting with moisture in the air, result in the formation of acids able to erode the stone surface and gradually compromise its structural integrity. The acids can also combine with airborne particulate matter, heavy metals, and salts, leading to the development of black crusts. These not only have detrimental effects on the stone’s integrity but also affect the original appearance of the surfaces, threatening the conservation of important monuments and buildings. This review discusses the characteristics of black crusts and their relation to the environment and stone materials.

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Effectiveness and harmful effects of removal sulphated black crust from granite using Nd:YAG nanosecond pulsed laser

Cited by 24 publications

References 12 publications

Laser surface cleaning of stones and some metal objects

Laser surface cleaning of stones and some metal objects

Towards safe and effective femtosecond laser cleaning for the preservation of historic monuments

The Impact of Air Pollution on Stone Materials

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