Effectiveness of a healthcare-based mobile intervention on sedentary patterns, physical activity, mental well-being and clinical and productivity outcomes in office employees with type 2 diabetes: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background Prolonged sedentary time is associated with an increased incidence of chronic disease including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Given that occupational sedentary time contributes significantly to the total amount of daily sedentariness, incorporating programmes to reduce occupational sedentary time in patients with chronic disease would allow for physical, mental and productivity benefits. The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-, medium- and long-term effectiveness of a mHealth programme for sitting less and moving more at work on habitual and occupational sedentary behaviour and physical activity in office staff with DM2. Secondary aims. To evaluate the effectiveness on glycaemic control and lipid profile at 6- and 12-month follow-up; anthropometric profile, blood pressure, mental well-being and work-related post-intervention outcomes at 3, 6 and 12 months. Methods Multicentre randomized controlled trial. A sample size of 220 patients will be randomly allocated into a control (n = 110) or intervention group (n = 110), with post-intervention follow-ups at 6 and 12 months. Health professionals from Spanish Primary Health Care units will randomly invite patients (18–65 years of age) diagnosed with DM2, who have sedentary office desk-based jobs. The control group will receive usual healthcare and information on the health benefits of sitting less and moving more. The intervention group will receive, through a smartphone app and website, strategies and real-time feedback for 13 weeks to change occupational sedentary behaviour. Variables: (1) Subjective and objective habitual and occupational sedentary behaviour and physical activity (Workforce Sitting Questionnaire, Brief Physical Activity Assessment Tool, activPAL3TM); 2) Glucose, HbA1c; 3) Weight, height, waist circumference; 4) Total, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides; (5) Systolic, diastolic blood pressure; (6) Mental well-being (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being); (7) Presenteeism (Work Limitations Questionnaire); (8) Impact of work on employees´ health, sickness absence (6th European Working Conditions Survey); (9) Job-related mental strain (Job Content Questionnaire). Differences between groups pre- and post- intervention on the average value of the variables will be analysed. Discussion If the mHealth intervention is effective in reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity in office employees with DM2, health professionals would have a low-cost tool for the control of patients with chronic disease. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04092738. Registered September 17, 2019.

Aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías en Atención Primaria en el control del paciente con sobrepeso u obesidad y factores de riesgo cardiovascular

“…De características similares a nuestro estudio, encontramos el de Alós 18 , en el que quieren estudiar la eficacia de un programa de Tabla 3. Análisis multivariable de las variables relacionadas con sobrepeso y obesidad tras 18 meses de seguimiento A diferencia de la revisión sistemática de Caparrós Pons 19 , en la que observaron una mayor eficacia y un mayor grado de cumplimiento de los programas de prescripción de actividad física mediante dispositivos digitales que en los prescritos de forma presencial, en nuestro estudio no hemos detectado que la web o app mejoren el control de peso.…”

Effect of Physical Exercise Programs Based on Mobile Health and Ecological Momentary Assessment on the Physical and Mental Health, Cognitive Functions, and Social Environment of Adults in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review

“…In addition, the use and effectiveness of mHealth programs are mostly focused on healthy adults, without considering the impact they may have on specific population groups, such as workers with prevalent chronic diseases such as obesity or T2DM. There is a need for a better understanding of how to integrate mHealth programs into the self-management of patients with chronic diseases, specifically T2DM self-management, and health care in general [55].…”

La salud móvil en atención primaria. Nuevos desafíos en el desarrollo de soluciones para promover la actividad física y el bienestar

“…Aproximadamente el 70% de los programas de mSalud están relacionados con los estilos de vida, el estado físico, la alimentación y el bienestar 7 . Estas herramientas innovadoras pueden ayudar a promocionar estilos de vida saludables y abordar los principales factores de riesgo de enfermedades crónicas más prevalentes en las consultas de AP, que representan los principales problemas de salud pública del siglo xxi 8 . En las últimas dos décadas se han publicado una gran cantidad de estudios que utilizan intervenciones de promoción de estilos de vida y cambio de comportamiento basadas en internet y dispositivos móviles para evaluar la eficacia de estas intervenciones en poblaciones diversas 9 .…”

“…En las últimas dos décadas se han publicado una gran cantidad de estudios que utilizan intervenciones de promoción de estilos de vida y cambio de comportamiento basadas en internet y dispositivos móviles para evaluar la eficacia de estas intervenciones en poblaciones diversas 9 . No obstante, existe una escasa evidencia sobre la efectividad para cambiar los estilos de vida en población con patología crónica desde la práctica clínica 8 .…”