Effectiveness of attention rehabilitation after an acquired brain injury: A meta-analysis.

Cognitive outcomes following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: Rehabilitation strategies

“…There is strong evidence that attention can be improved with specific skills training in patients with acquired brain injuries like TBI or aSAH. 48 , 49 Attention process training (APT) is a direct attention training program that has been designed to improve and hopefully restore visual and auditory attention. 49 , 50 APT targets five components of attention: Focused attention, sustained attention, selective attention, alternating attention, and divided attention.…”

INCOG 2.0 Guidelines for Cognitive Rehabilitation Following Traumatic Brain Injury, Part II: Attention and Information Processing Speed

“…48 Although the most recent version of APT (APT-III) includes increased emphasis on development of compensatory strategies within training, we argue that strategy development may be more effective if applied and practiced directly in the context of real-world activities, rather than on decontextualized tasks. Consistent with this premise, Park and Ingles 49 concluded from an earlier meta-analysis that training in specific skills can result in improvements in that skill, which may also be evident on tasks similar to those trained, but it cannot be assumed that underlying attentional mechanisms are being restored. The INCOG recommendation deviates from that of the updated review of studies conducted from 2009 to 2014 by Cicerone et al, 50 who supported working memory training based on a single case study in stroke and did not clearly differentiate repeated drill practice from strategy development.…”