Effectiveness of COVID-19 primary and booster vaccination in HIV-infected individuals

Su, Bin; Vanham, Guido

doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000003492

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The poor serological response to vaccines in PLWH is in line with other vaccines, such as those for influenza or hepatitis B virus [4,5]. Inconsistently, several studies have suggested that a comparable safety, humoral and T-cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2 is elicited in PLWH with higher CD4 counts and HIV-negative populations [6][7][8]. Recent observational studies have indicated a higher incidence of breakthrough infection in PLWH than in HIV-negative populations, even after booster vaccination [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection on HIV Reservoirs and T-Cell Immune Recovery in 3-Dose Vaccinated People Living with HIV

Qu,

Song,

Yang

et al. 2023

Viruses

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People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are a vulnerable population with a higher risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); therefore, vaccination is recommended as a priority. Data on viral reservoirs and immunologic outcomes for PLWH breakthrough infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are currently limited. In this study, we investigated the effects of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infection on hematological parameters, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir size, and T-cell recovery in PLWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) after SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination. The results indicated that during breakthrough infection, booster vaccination with homologous and heterologous vaccines was safe in PLWH after receiving two doses of inactivated vaccination. The absolute CD4 counts decreased in the heterologous group, whereas the CD8 counts decreased in the homologous booster group after breakthrough infection in PLWH. Breakthrough infection increased HIV reservoirs and was associated with increased T-cell activation in PLWH who received virally suppressed ART and a 3-dose vaccination. According to our data, the breakthrough infection of SARS-CoV-2 may put PLWH at a greater risk for increased HIV reservoirs, even if these individuals were virally suppressed with ART after 3-dose SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection on HIV Reservoirs and T-Cell Immune Recovery in 3-Dose Vaccinated People Living with HIV

Qu,

Song,

Yang

et al. 2023

Viruses

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show abstract

“…[ 1 ] Vaccination, as a vital means of preventing infection with SARS-CoV-2, has been actively promoted worldwide as an effective measure to control the pandemic. [ 2 , 3 ] It reduces the risk of viral spread and rates of serious illness, thus improving the disease prognosis. At present, SARS-CoV-2 is able to infect vaccinated individuals and reinfections in previously infected individuals are becoming common.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weak SARS-CoV-2-specific responses of TIGIT-expressing CD8+ T cells in people living with HIV after a third dose of a SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine

Jin,

Wang,

et al. 2023

Chinese Medical Journal

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Background: T-cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif domains (TIGIT), an inhibitory receptor expressed on T cells, plays a dysfunctional role in antiviral infection and antitumor activity. However, it is unknown whether TIGIT expression on T cells influences the immunological effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) inactivated vaccines. Methods: Forty-five people living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for more than two years and 31 healthy controls (HCs), all received a third dose of a SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine, were enrolled in this study. The amounts, activation, proportion of cell subsets, and magnitude of the SARS-CoV-2-specific immune response of TIGIT+CD4+ and TIGIT+CD8+ T cells were investigated before the third dose but 6 months after the second vaccine dose (0W), 4 weeks (4W) and 12 weeks (12W) after the third dose. Results: Compared to that in HCs, the frequency of TIGIT+ CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of PLWH increased at 12W after the third dose of the inactivated vaccine, and the immune activation of TIGIT+CD8+ T cells also increased. A decrease in the ratio of both T naïve (TN) and central memory (TCM) cells among TIGIT+CD8+ T cells and an increase in the ratio of the effector memory (TEM) subpopulation were observed at 12W in PLWH. Interestingly, particularly at 12W, a higher proportion of TIGIT+CD8+ T cells expressing CD137 and CD69 simultaneously was observed in HCs than in PLWH based on the activation-induced marker assay. Compared with 0W, SARS-CoV-2-specific TIGIT+CD8+ T-cell responses in PLWH were not enhanced at 12W but were enhanced in HCs. Additionally, at all time points, the SARS-CoV-2-specific responses of TIGIT+CD8+ T cells in PLWH were significantly weaker than those of TIGIT–CD8+ T cells. However, in HCs, the difference in the SARS-CoV-2-specific responses induced between TIGIT+CD8+ T cells and TIGIT–CD8+ T cells was insignificant at 4W and 12W, except at 0W. Conclusion: TIGIT expression on CD8+ T cells may hinder the T-cell immune response to a booster dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, suggesting weakened resistance to SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in PLWH. Furthermore, TIGIT may be used as a potential target to increase the production of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of vaccination.

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The humoral and cellular immune responses following booster vaccination with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA in people living with human immunodeficiency virus

Matsumoto,

Murata,

Ohta

et al. 2024

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy

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Effectiveness of COVID-19 primary and booster vaccination in HIV-infected individuals

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection on HIV Reservoirs and T-Cell Immune Recovery in 3-Dose Vaccinated People Living with HIV

Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection on HIV Reservoirs and T-Cell Immune Recovery in 3-Dose Vaccinated People Living with HIV

Weak SARS-CoV-2-specific responses of TIGIT-expressing CD8+ T cells in people living with HIV after a third dose of a SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine

The humoral and cellular immune responses following booster vaccination with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA in people living with human immunodeficiency virus

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