Effectiveness of family support health education intervention to improve health-related quality of life among pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Melaka, Malaysia

Abstract

Background Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is an important public health problem in Malaysia. In this country, limited research has been carried out on the impact of the disease on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Family support interventions had been shown to be effective in improving the PTB treatment outcomes. Objectives This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a newly developed Family Support Health Education (FASTEN) intervention in improving the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among PTB patients in Melaka, as compared to the current conventional disease management. Materials and methods A single-blinded, randomized controlled field trial study design was conducted in Melaka from September 2019 until August 2021, involving newly diagnosed PTB patients. The participants were randomized either into the intervention group (FASTEN intervention) or into the control group (conventional management). They were interviewed by using a validated questionnaire that includes the Short Form 36 Health Survey version 2 (SF-36v2), at three time points: at diagnosis, two months and six months after diagnosis. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 24. The Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) analysis was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention, in terms of the HRQoL score difference between the groups, adjusted for baseline covariates. Results The HRQoL among PTB patients was lower than the HRQoL of general Malaysian population. Among the total 88 respondents, the three lowest HRQoL domains scores at baseline were Social Functioning (SF), Role limitation due to Physical condition (RP) and Vitality (VT) with the median (IQR) scores of 27.26 (10.03), 30.21 (11.23) and 34.77 (8.92) respectively. The median (IQR) for Physical Component Score (PCS) was 43.58 (7.44) and for Mental Component Score (MCS) was 40.71 (8.77). There were significant difference in the HRQoL median scores between the intervention group compared to the control group, as the Physical Functioning (PF) (p = 0.018), RP (p < 0.001), General Health (GH) (p < 0.001), VT (p < 0.001), SF (p < 0.001), Role limitation due to Emotional condition (RE) (p < 0.001), General Mental Health (MH) (p < 0.001), and the MCS (p < 0.001). Conclusion The FASTEN intervention is effective to improve the overall HRQoL among PTB patients, as the HRQoL scores were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group who received conventional management. Therefore, it is recommended that the TB program should incorporate the involvement of family members in the patient’s management. Date of registration and number The protocol was registered with RCT registered body on 05/12/2019 (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry – Registration Number: ACTRN12619001720101).

Bibliometric Analysis of Nursing Interventions to Improve Adherence to Treatment among Patients with Tuberculosis

“…The family has an important role in managing TB patient disease (Letmau et al, 2023). Family members must be involved during the disease process, from the beginning to achieving successful treatment results; this aligns with WHO recommendations to include family support interventions in managing TB patients (Saidi and Abdul Manaf, 2023).…”

Spiritual Well Being Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru

“…Pertama, kekuatan sistem kekebalan tubuh pada orang dewasa umumnya lebih baik daripada pada anak-anak atau lansia, yang secara signifikan meningkatkan kemungkinan untuk mengatasi infeksi tuberkulosis paru dengan efektif. Selain itu, akses yang lebih baik terhadap perawatan medis yang tepat, termasuk 5 diagnosis dini dan pengobatan yang tepat waktu, juga dapat diperoleh oleh pasien dewasa, yang mendukung proses pemulihan yang berhasil (Saidi & Abdul Manaf, 2023). Tingkat kemandirian yang lebih tinggi dalam menjalani aktivitas sehari-hari juga merupakan faktor penting lainnya yang menyokong kualitas hidup yang lebih baik, karena memungkinkan mereka untuk tetap produktif dan terlibat dalam kegiatan sosial meskipun sedang menjalani pengobatan.…”