Effectiveness of fluoride-containing toothpastes associated with different technologies to remineralize enamel after pH cycling: an in vitro study

Abstract

Background To evaluate the efficacy of fluoride-containing toothpastes with different technologies to remineralize artificial caries lesions in enamel. Methods Bovine enamel blocks were divided into three thirds: intact (untreated), demineralized (artificial caries lesion), and treated (caries lesion, pH cycling with dentifrices). Enamel blocks were randomly distributed into five groups (n = 12): Fluoride-free toothpaste, Colgate Oral Care (NC); Arginine-containing toothpaste, Colgate Total Daily Repair (PC); Silicate-based fluoride toothpaste: REFIX technology, regenerador + sensitive (RDC), NR-5 technology, Regenerate Enamel Science (RES), and NOVAMIN technology, Sensodyne Repair and Protect (SRP). The specimens were submitted to a pH cycling model for 6 days. The efficacy of the toothpastes was estimated by calculating the surface microhardness recovery (%SMHR) and the fluorescence recovery (ΔFRE) with quantitative light-induced fluorescence. The cross-sectional micromorphology of the enamel surface was also assessed using scanning electron microscopy. Elemental analyses (weight%) were determined with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The results were compared to that of the control (NC). Data were statistically analyzed (5%). Results %SMHR could be ranked as follows: RDC = PC = RES = SRP > NC. Significantly higher %SMHR and ΔFRE means were observed after enamel treatment with RDC (22.7 and 46.9, respectively). PC (%SMHR = 18.8) was as efficacious as RDC to recover the surface microhardness with a significantly lower mean of ΔFRE (19.5). Only RDC was able to promote the formation of a mineralized layer on the surface of enamel enriched with silicon on the surface. Conclusions The silicate-based fluoride toothpaste containing REFIX technology demonstrated greater efficacy in the remineralizing artificial caries than the other products.

Biomimetic Action of Zinc Hydroxyapatite on Remineralization of Enamel and Dentin: A Review

“…These studies would seem to validate the purpose of this review, namely, to determine whether products containing zinc–carbonate hydroxyapatite can be considered a viable alternative to fluorine or other prophylactic systems in terms of remineralization. It is known based on the literature that fluoride is a remineralizing agent [ 27 , 28 , 29 ]. CCP-ACP also appears to be another valuable system [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 70 ] for reducing dental sensitivity [ 71 ].…”

“…With repeated use over time, fluoride can become part of the crystalline structure of the hydroxyapatite, taking the place of the hydroxyl ion and forming fluoroapatite in the post-eruptive phase of the dental element. Toothpastes with a high fluorine content (>1500 ppm) have proved useful in increasing the level of fluoride in saliva throughout the day, changing the acidogenicity of interproximate plaque, increasing the buffering activity of saliva and decreasing the level of Streptococcus mutans [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Amelogenin-inspired peptide, calcium phosphate solution, fluoride and their synergistic effect on enamel biomimetic remineralization: an in vitro pH-cycling model

“…Microhardness of enamel surfaces in the 8 experimental groups (n=5) after pH-cycling (SMH2) were recorded following the same specifications previously mentioned. The surface microhardness recovery ratio (%SMHRR) for each sample was then calculated based on the following formula (Equation 2 ) [ 24 , 29 , 32 , 35 , 37 ]: …”

Use of Reparative Agents Topical Fluoride Activated by CO2 Laser and Curodont™ Repair and NR-5™ on Vickers Hardness and Micro-Shear Bond Strength of Eroded Enamel to Composite Restoration

“…The existing research has emphasized the prevention of demineralization and the promotion of remineralization before restoring the tooth [6,7]. There are two main types of remineralization technology used in dentistry techniques, including those that improve fluoride effectiveness and those that mimic the natural healing mechanisms [8,9].…”

“…Likewise, the utilization of lasers in contemporary dentistry has seen substantial expansion [11]. Previous experimental studies have shown that CO 2 laser irradiation can cause melting and subsequent recrystallization in dental hard tissues, leading to an enhanced resistance to acidic substances [7,12]. Laser irradiation has been proposed as a method to improve the effectiveness of topical fluoride treatment by increasing fluoride absorption into the enamel and promoting the conversion of hydroxyapatite into fluorapatite crystals [13,14].…”