Effectiveness of Fortified Garlic Extract Oral Capsules as Adjuvant Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Taghavi, Mohammad Reza; Tamanaei, Taraneh Tavanaei; Oghazian, Mohammad Bagher; Tavana, Erfan; Mollazadeh, Samaneh; Niloofar, Parastoo; Oghazian, Sahar; Hoseinzadeh, Amin; Hesari, Amirmohammad; Mohseni, Mohammad Ansari; Rezaei, Sina; Haresabadi, M

doi:10.1016/j.curtheres.2023.100699

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Of the 163 articles identified, 12 studies were reckoned to meet the eligibility criteria and these articles were included for analysis (depicted in Figure 2). Out of 12 studies, 11 studies are conducted in COVID-19 patients [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and 1 study is conducted in post-COVID-19 patients. 25 There are 22 varieties of plants involved as add-on therapy for COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The studies used standard-of-care drugs, eg, a combination of NSAIDs (acetaminophen 500 mg) [14][15][16]18,21 or SAIDs (prednisolone), 20 antibiotics (azithromycin 500 mg), 18,21 chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, 18,22 H1R antagonists (cetirizine 10 mg for allergy or dimenhydrinate for nausea), 15,21 anticoagulants (enoxaparin 40 mg), 16,22 antitussive (bromhexine or dextromethorphan), 15,16 antacids or H2R antagonists (famotidine), 24 and supplements (Vitamin C 500 mg). The antiviral drugs used were remdesivir (in general) or favipiravir (for mild severity symptoms) or oseltamivir (for moderate severity symptoms) or a combination of lopinavir/ritonavir.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this plant has caused GI discomfort in 20% of the patients. 16 A study in post-COVID-19 patients was included in this review because the term post-COVID-19 syndrome has recently procured global recognition among scientific communities. The pathogenesis of post-COVID syndrome involves multiple mechanisms that result in various clinical manifestations.…”

Section: Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy and Safety of Add-On Plant-Based Drugs for COVID-19 Patients: A Review of the Randomized Control Trials

Diantini¹,

Febriyanti²,

Levita³

2023

IDR

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COVID-19 caused by the infection of SARS-CoV-2 is still a global concern. WHO reported that from 13 March to 9 April 2023, there were 3 million new cases and approximately 23,000 deaths, mostly occurring in the South-East Asia and Eastern Mediterranean regions, which is predicted due to the new Omicron variant, Arcturus XBB.1.16. Many studies have reported the potency of medicinal plants in enhancing the function of the immune system to combat virus infection. The literature review aimed to describe the efficacy and safety of add-on plant-based drugs for COVID-19 patients. The articles were explored on the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases, and published during 2020-2023. Twenty-two varieties of plants were used as add-on therapy for COVID-19 patients. These plants were

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Efficacymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy and Safety of Add-On Plant-Based Drugs for COVID-19 Patients: A Review of the Randomized Control Trials

Diantini¹,

Febriyanti²,

Levita³

2023

IDR

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“…The study product was developed mainly from garlic ( Allium sativum L. ). Recent publications have reported conflicting results regarding the efficacy of garlic extracts in treating COVID-19 [ 28 , 29 ]. Specifically, an observational study on garlic essential oil demonstrated significant effectiveness [ 28 ], while a clinical trial on fortified garlic extract oral capsules showed no significant effect in treating COVID-19 [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent publications have reported conflicting results regarding the efficacy of garlic extracts in treating COVID-19 [ 28 , 29 ]. Specifically, an observational study on garlic essential oil demonstrated significant effectiveness [ 28 ], while a clinical trial on fortified garlic extract oral capsules showed no significant effect in treating COVID-19 [ 29 ]. Our study's findings are consistent with the results of the latter clinical trial, indicating no effect of garlic products on COVID-19 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Vietnamese Medicine Containing Garlic Extract for Patients With Non-severe COVID-19: A Phase-II, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

Giang¹,

Hoa²,

Hien³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is still ongoing with the omicron variant. Low-cost, effective treatments are still needed, particularly in low-to-middle-income countries. This study assessed the safety and efficacy of TD0068, an herbal medicine developed from mainly garlic, for patients with non-severe COVID-19. Methods This is a phase-II, double-blind, randomized controlled trial to compare oral capsule TD0068 and placebo in adults aged 18-65 years with non-severe COVID-19 between September and October 2021. The efficacy outcomes measured included daily cycle threshold (Ct) value from the time of the initial reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, time to viral clearance, daily symptom severity score from 15 symptoms of interest, time to symptom resolution, and progression to severe/critical COVID-19. Safety outcomes included adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs). Results Sixty patients were randomized (31 received TD0068, and 29 received a placebo). The two groups were balanced in baseline characteristics: mean age was 39 years, and female was predominant (66%). Daily Ct value (median on days 3, 5, 7, and 9 was 25.7, 30.8, 35.4, and 37.6 in the TD0068 group, and 26.4, 31.2, 36.0, and 37.4 in the placebo group, respectively) and time to viral clearance (median: 10 vs. 11 days in TD0068 and placebo groups) were similar between groups. Daily symptom severity score (median on days 3, 5, 7, and 9 was 2, 2, 1, and 0 in the TD0068 group, and 3, 2, 1, and 1 in the placebo group), and time to symptom resolution (median: seven vs. nine days, respectively) were also comparable between groups. No SAE occurred in the study. Conclusions TD0068 is safe but does not show an effect for non-severe COVID-19 patients. Further research is needed to explore the potential benefits of garlic in other forms or dosages for the treatment of COVID-19.

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Inhibitory effects of SARS-CoV-2 penetration of host cells by garlic oil and juice extract are cultivar specific

Smith,

Purcell,

Diamantopoulos

et al. 2024

Journal of Functional Foods

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Effectiveness of Fortified Garlic Extract Oral Capsules as Adjuvant Therapy in Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Triple-Blind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

Efficacy and Safety of Add-On Plant-Based Drugs for COVID-19 Patients: A Review of the Randomized Control Trials

Efficacy and Safety of Add-On Plant-Based Drugs for COVID-19 Patients: A Review of the Randomized Control Trials

Traditional Vietnamese Medicine Containing Garlic Extract for Patients With Non-severe COVID-19: A Phase-II, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

Inhibitory effects of SARS-CoV-2 penetration of host cells by garlic oil and juice extract are cultivar specific

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