Effectiveness of Grape Seed Extract in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Study

Abstract

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a metabolic disorder has a high prevalence. Increasing serum concentrations of liver enzymes, lipid profiles, and fasting blood sugar (FBS) are the most laboratory findings in NAFLD. Efforts to identify effective treatments with fewer side effects to address these impairments are increasing. Grape seed extract (GSE) is rich in antioxidants (eg, proanthocyanidins (Pas), which it has beneficial effects reported previously). Objectives: We evaluated the effect of GSE on biochemical markers in NAFLD patients. Methods: The current randomized, double-blind clinical trial was investigated the GSE effect on patients with NAFLD. The patients were assigned into 2 groups (GSE and control groups). The duration of treatment was considered 2 months. The GSE group received GSE capsules (200 mg, two times a day for 2 months), and the control group received placebo (200 mg starch). The serum concentration of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), FBS, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and cholesterol were assessed at baseline, 1 month, and 2 months after treatment. Body mass index (BMI) and HDL/LDL ratio were assayed at different times. Results: The levels of AST, ALT, FBS, TG, HDL, LDL, and cholesterol significantly decreased, (P-value < 0.05), and the level of HDL significantly increased in patients who received GSE 200 mg twice a day for 2 months (P-value < 0.05) compared to control group, but BMI and weight did not change significantly (P-value > 0.05). Conclusions: Grape seed extract can be effective in fatty liver patients; such results may be contributed to the antioxidant properties of GSE due to the high amount of PAs and similar constituents in GSE. However, more investigations are needed to clarify the exact involved mechanism of GSE.

Proanthocyanidins-Based Synbiotics as a Novel Strategy for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Risk Reduction

“…Supplementation with PAC is beneficial in reducing the risk of NAFLD and alleviating the symptoms in NAFLD patients (Table 2). Oral administration of the PAC can mitigate hyperlipidemia in NAFLD patients together with hepatic injury [171]. Many of the PACmediated benefits in NAFLD are associated with the potential of PAC to regulate hepatic energy metabolism.…”

Anthocyanins as Adjuvant Treatment for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…The studies were conducted in Taiwan [ 32 ], China [ 17 , 33 ], Iran [ 18 - 20 ], and Turkey [ 21 ]. The duration of the studies and follow-up were 12 weeks in three studies [ 17 , 18 , 20 , 32 , 33 ] and eight weeks in the other two (Table 1 ) [ 19 , 21 ].…”

“…The sources of anthocyanins included Hibiscus sabdariffa extract [ 32 ], blueberry and black currant extracts [ 17 ], Cornus mas (CM) extract [ 18 , 20 , 21 ]¸ and grape seed extract [ 19 ]. The total daily dose varied widely across the studies, with doses below 100 mg/day in three studies [ 18 - 20 , 32 ] and doses above 300 mg/day in two studies [ 17 , 21 , 33 ].…”

Effects of Resveratrol on Liver Function Tests in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…Some studies have shown that resveratrol may prevent or delay liver damage [3,8,[13][14][15]. At the same time, it had no effect in some other studies [16,17].…”

“…Over the past few decades, liver diseases have rapidly increased and become a global public health problem [1]. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common causes of chronic liver disease, which includes a wide range of steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [2][3][4]. The global prevalence of NAFLD is around 32 %, and it is higher in men than in women [5].…”