Effectiveness of Gravity Separation of Low Grade Nigerian Gold Ore Using Shaking Table

Abstract

The response of Imogbara (Nigeria) gold ore to shaking tabling gravity separation methods was investigated in this research work. Gold concentration in run-off mines is usually as low as 0.005 ppm and must be upgraded in order to reduce the recovery process extraction costs. Gravity separation method (the focus of this work) is one of the readily affordable beneficiation methods. Shaking table is a developed separation equipment of gravity method that has been adopted to increase concentrate based on difference of specific gravity. The output result of the concentration process using shaking table is basically influenced by a number of variables, such as rotational shaking speed, particle size and deck slope. In this research, the range of rotational speed shaking was between 100 rpm and 200 rpm, the particle size was between (−300 µm > X < +75 µm) and (−75 µm) and deck slope was between 10˚ and 30˚. EDXRF was used to measure gold concentration in the concentrate as well as the tailings. The result shows that the optimum condition is obtained at a shaking speed of 100 rpm, with a slope of 10˚ and particle size less than 75 µm.

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“…This procedure is designed to enhance the surface area for ensuing the subsequent separation processes and to liberate the valuable minerals entrapped within the gangue materials. The ore subsequently undergoes concentration using techniques such as gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation, and flocculation (Ankireddy et al, 2023;Diab et al, 2022;Kabatesi et al, 2022;Sanwani et al, 2015a;2015b;2015c;2015d;2015e;2016a;2016b;2021a;2021b;Teniola et al, 2022;Wahyuningsih et al, 2020;Wahyuningsih et al, 2018;Zheng et al, 2022). These methods serve to separate the valuable minerals from the gangue.…”