Effectiveness of homologous or heterologous immunization regimens against SARS-CoV-2 after two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine: A systematic review and meta-analysis

COVID-19 Vaccination and Immunosuppressive Therapy in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases

“…However, there are clinical efficacy parameters that we can consider to be of greater weight than the immunogenicity response to the vaccine, such as the efficacy against symptomatic COVID (especially severe COVID), ICU, hospital and emergency admissions and mortality. We have less information in this regard, although reviews are beginning to be published showing substantial reductions in all of them, in the following order: 50%–87%, 55%–100% and 82%–87%, respectively [ 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. In patients with IMIDs, a 0% incidence of post-vaccination COVID-19 has been described in a study that included 158 cases [ 80 ]; however, studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups are needed to draw conclusions about the true impact of DMARDs and the temporary rest strategies from these treatments on relevant clinical outcomes, such as hospitalizations and mortality.…”

Safety and immunogenicity of homologous prime‐boost CoronaVac vaccine in people living with HIV in China: A multicenter prospective cohort study

“…Immunogenicity is determined by calculating the percentage of participants who achieve a seroconversion response of nAbs. Previous research have shown that the seroconversion rates for nAbs among HIV‐negative adults and PLWH vary from 90% to 100% and 80% to 90%, respectively 9–11 . In this study, we have assumed that the seroconversion rate for nAbs is 80% for PLWH and 95% for HIV‐negative adults.…”

“…Previous research have shown that the seroconversion rates for nAbs among HIV-negative adults and PLWH vary from 90% to 100% and 80% to 90%, respectively. [9][10][11] In this study, we have assumed that the seroconversion rate for nAbs is 80% for PLWH and 95% for HIV-negative adults. Based on these assumptions, a minimum sample size of 174 PLWH and 87 HIV-negative participants, with an allocation ratio of 2:1, is needed to achieve at least 90% power to detect a difference beyond the prespecified noninferiority margin of −10% (α = 0.05, β = 0.10).…”

“…4 However, since the antibody decayed over time and the novel variants emerged, the prime immunization of COVID-19 vaccines were insufficient to provide protection at the 6 months postvaccination and a booster dose was warranted. 5 Though current COVID-19 vaccines have shown remarkable efficacy in preventing infection and reducing disease severity, [6][7][8][9] there are specific populations, such as people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are more vulnerable to the infection. 10 PLWH is characterized by chronic immune activation and progressive CD4+T cell loss, leading to immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections.…”

“…Though current COVID‐19 vaccines have shown remarkable efficacy in preventing infection and reducing disease severity, 6–9 there are specific populations, such as people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) are more vulnerable to the infection 10 . PLWH is characterized by chronic immune activation and progressive CD4+T cell loss, leading to immunodeficiency and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections 11 .…”