Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza pneumonia among adults aged ≥65 years in Japan

Suzuki, Motoi; Katsurada, Naoko; Le, Minh; Kaneko, Norihiro; Yaegashi, Makito; Hosokawa, Naoto; Otsuka, Yoshihito; Aoshima, Masahiro; Yoshida, Lay‐Myint; Morimoto, Konosuke

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.04.037

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Indeed, previous studies and meta-analyses demonstrated that the in uenza vaccine could signi cantly prevent the onset of in uenza-related pneumonia and reduce the risk of hospitalization in patients over 65 years. [10][11][12][13] Similar results emerged regarding the pneumococcal vaccine, whose cross-reactivity was supported by some immunological investigations. [14][15][16][17] In this study, we hypothesized that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in older patients could reduce the incidence of infections leading to hospital admission and those occurring during hospitalization, even if caused by different pathogens from coronaviruses.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of infectious diseases in hospitalized older patients

Balducci,

Locatelli,

Barbieri

et al. 2024

Eur Geriatr Med

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Vaccinations, for example u vaccine, may be a cause of cross-reactive immunostimulation that prevents a larger spectrum of infections. However, whether SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations may also determine this effect is unclear. This study aims, rst, to assess the incidence of infections at hospital admission and during the hospitalization in older inpatients vaccinated and unvaccinated against SARS-CoV-2; second, to compare length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality between vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals. Methods. This retrospective study included 754 older inpatients admitted to the Geriatrics and Orthogeriatrics Units of the University Hospital of Ferrara (Italy) between March 2021 and November 2021.Sociodemographic and health-related data, and the diagnosis of infections at hospital admission and during hospitalization were collected from medical records. Results.The sample's mean age was 87.2 years, 59.2% were females, and 75.5% were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Vaccinated individuals had a 33% lower odds of intra-hospital infections (OR = 0.67, 95%CI:0.46-0.98) and 40% lower in-hospital death (HR = 0.60, 95%CI:0.39-0.94), also after adjusting for potential confounders, while no signi cant results emerged about infections at hospital admission. Considering the hospitalization's endpoints, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination was associated with a lower probability of being transferred to long-term care or other hospital departments than returning home (OR = 0.63, 95%CI:0.40-0.99). Conclusions.In older inpatients, SARS-CoV-2 vaccination may reduce the risk of intra-hospital infectious diseases not caused by SARS-CoV-2 and all-cause in-hospital mortality. The vaccination coverage in the older population could limit not only the onset and severity of COVID-19 but also the occurrence of other infectious diseases.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 68%

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of infectious diseases in hospitalized older patients

Balducci,

Locatelli,

Barbieri

et al. 2024

Eur Geriatr Med

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“…Twenty articles reported mortality rates associated with seasonal influenza, 16,24,26,43,44,47‐61 11 of which focused exclusively on the elderly. A large (n = 22 462) cohort study among institutionalized elderly during the 1998/1999 season closely followed and confirmed respiratory episodes, and identified influenza‐related mortality rates of 0.009% and 0.043% in vaccinated and unvaccinated groups of residents, respectively 28 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and burden of illness of seasonal influenza among the elderly in Japan: A systematic literature review and vaccine effectiveness meta‐analysis

Taniguchi

Ikeda

Hagiwara

et al. 2020

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Background Elderly populations are particularly vulnerable to influenza and often require extensive clinical support. In Japan, nationwide passive surveillance monitors seasonal influenza but does not capture the full disease burden. We synthesized existing evidence on the epidemiology, vaccine effectiveness (VE), and economic burden of seasonal influenza in the elderly population. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, and ICHUSHI were searched for articles on seasonal influenza in Japan, published between 1997 and 2018, in English or Japanese. Grey literature was also assessed. A random‐effects meta‐analysis characterized VE of influenza vaccines among studies reporting this information. Results Of 1,147 identified articles, 143 met inclusion criteria. Reported incidence rates varied considerably depending on study design, season, study setting and, most importantly, case definition. In nursing homes, the maximum reported attack rate was 55.2% and in the 16 articles reporting mortality rates, case fatality rates varied from 0.009% to 14.3%. Most hospitalizations were in people aged >60; healthcare costs were partially mitigated by vaccine administration. Meta‐analysis estimated overall VE of 19.1% (95% CI: 2.3% ‐ 33.0%) with a high proportion of heterogeneity (I2: 89.1%). There was a trend of lower VE in older people (40.1% [−57.3‐77.2] in the <65 group; 12.9% [−8.0‐29.8] in those 65; P = .21). Conclusions Despite differences between studies that make comparisons challenging, the influenza burden in elderly Japanese is significant. While vaccines are effective, current vaccination programs offer suboptimal protection. Health economic data and cost‐effectiveness analyses were limited and represent areas for policy‐relevant future research.

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“…However, they measured in-hospital deaths and used test-negative survivors as their control group [ 19 ]. Finally, Suzuki et al estimated VE against influenza pneumonia death among older Japanese adults from 2012 to 2014 to be 71% (95% CI, –63%, 95%) [ 20 ]. This study is the most comparable to ours in terms of control selection; however, it used a more specific outcome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against All-Cause Mortality Following Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza in Older Adults, 2010–2011 to 2015–2016 Seasons in Ontario, Canada

Chung

Buchan

Campigotto

et al. 2020

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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Background Older adults are at increased risk of mortality from influenza infections. We estimated influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against mortality following laboratory-confirmed influenza. Methods Using a test-negative design study and linked laboratory and health administrative databases in Ontario, Canada, we estimated VE against all-cause mortality following laboratory-confirmed influenza for community-dwelling adults aged >65 years during the 2010-2011 to 2015-2016 influenza seasons. Results Among 54,116 older adults tested for influenza across the 6 seasons, 6,837 died within 30 days of specimen collection. Thirteen percent (925 individuals) tested positive for influenza, and 50.6% were considered vaccinated for that season. Only 23.2% of influenza test-positive cases had influenza recorded as their underlying cause of death. Before and after multivariable adjustment, we estimated VE against all-cause mortality following laboratory-confirmed influenza to be 20% (95%CI, 8%-30%) and 20% (95%CI, 7%-30%), respectively. This estimate increased to 34% after correcting for influenza vaccination exposure misclassification. We observed significant VE against deaths following influenza confirmation during 2014-2015 (VE=26% [95%CI, 5%-42%]). We also observed significant VE against deaths following confirmation of influenza A/H1N1 and A/H3N2, and against deaths with COPD as the underlying cause. Conclusions These results support the importance of influenza vaccination in older adults, who account for most influenza-associated deaths annually.

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Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza pneumonia among adults aged ≥65 years in Japan

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of infectious diseases in hospitalized older patients

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of infectious diseases in hospitalized older patients

Epidemiology and burden of illness of seasonal influenza among the elderly in Japan: A systematic literature review and vaccine effectiveness meta‐analysis

Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against All-Cause Mortality Following Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza in Older Adults, 2010–2011 to 2015–2016 Seasons in Ontario, Canada

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Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza pneumonia among adults aged ≥65 years in Japan

Cited by 19 publications

References 43 publications

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of infectious diseases in hospitalized older patients

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and risk of infectious diseases in hospitalized older patients

Epidemiology and burden of illness of seasonal influenza among the elderly in Japan: A systematic literature review and vaccine effectiveness meta‐analysis

Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against All-Cause Mortality Following Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza in Older Adults, 2010–2011 to 2015–2016 Seasons in Ontario, Canada

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Effectiveness of inactivated influenza vaccine against laboratory-confirmed influenza pneumonia among adults aged ≥65 years in Japan