Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine in the Community-Dwelling Elderly

Nichol, Kristin L.; Nordin, James D.; Nelson, David B.; Mullooly, John P.; Hak, Eelko

doi:10.1056/nejmoa070844

Cited by 572 publications

(356 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The effectiveness of inactivated influenza virus vaccine has been confirmed in several studies among all age groups [4][5][6]. Furthermore, vaccination has been shown to be both cost-efficient and cost-saving [7][8][9]. Children experience high attack rates that may reach 40% of the general pediatric population during annual influenza epidemics [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Disparities in influenza vaccination coverage rates by target group in five European countries: Trends over seven consecutive seasons

2009

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Background: The primary objective of this study was to measure influenza vaccination coverage rates in the general population, including children, and in high-risk groups of five European countries during the season 2007/2008. An additional aim was to analyze coverage trends over seven consecutive seasons and to gain an understanding of the primary drivers and barriers to immunization. Methods: Community-based telephone and mail surveys have been conducted in the UK,

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Disparities in influenza vaccination coverage rates by target group in five European countries: Trends over seven consecutive seasons

2009

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“…Notably, in contrast, adult vaccination decreases mortality and morbidity linked to vaccine-preventable diseases 139 as well as is associated with reduced use of antibiotics and a decrease in antibioticresistant infections. 140,141 Table 2 summarizes recommendations on vaccination for adults and the elderly.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommended immunization schedules for adults: Clinical practice guidelines by the Escmid Vaccine Study Group (EVASG), European Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS) and the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid)

Esposito

Bonanni

Maggi

et al. 2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Rapid population aging has become a major challenge in the industrialized world and progressive aging is a key reason for making improvement in vaccination a cornerstone of public health strategy. An increase in age-related disorders and conditions is likely to be seen in the near future, and these are risk factors for the occurrence of a number of vaccine-preventable diseases. An improvement in infectious diseases prevention specifically aimed at adults and the elderly can therefore also decrease the burden of these chronic conditions by reducing morbidity, disability, hospital admissions, health costs, mortality rates and, perhaps most importantly, by improving the quality of life. Among adults, it is necessary to identify groups at increased risk of vaccine-preventable diseases and highlight the epidemiological impact and benefits of vaccinations using an evidence-based approach. This document provides clinical practice guidance on immunization for adults in order to provide recommendations for decision makers and healthcare workers in Europe. Although immunization is considered one of the most impactful and cost-effective public health measures that can be undertaken, vaccination coverage rates among adults are largely lower than the stated goal of 95% among adults, and stronger efforts are needed to increase coverage in this population. Active surveillance of adult vaccine-preventable diseases, determining the effectiveness of the vaccines approved for marketing in the last 5 y, the efficacy and safety of vaccines in immunocompromised patients, as well as in pregnant women, represent the priorities for future research.

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“…However, despite the reduction in hospitalization and mortality rates observed among vaccinated patients, the overall effectiveness of vaccination in the elderly is uncertain 17 . A large, randomized, controlled trial using vaccinated subjects slightly older and with higher prevalence rates of all the baseline medical conditions except dementia or stroke, found that vaccination for seasonal flu was associated with a 27% reduction in the risk of hospitalization for pneumonia or influenza (adjusted odds ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68 to 0.77) and a 48% reduction in the risk of death (adjusted odds ratio, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.50 to 0.55) 23 . Reliable estimates of the benefits of vaccination are important for establishing informed policies regarding resource allocation for the immunizations and identifying the need for new vaccines and strategies for the prevention and control of influenza in this group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics, clinical manifestations and outcomes of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in the elderly

Lenzi

Wiens

Pontarolo

2013

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:The objetctive of this study was to evaluate the 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in the elderly and identify the clinical characteristics, mortality and prognostic factors of the infection in these patients. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective study. Data were collected from the National Notifiable Diseases (SINAN), from the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Only patients 60 years old or more that had laboratory confirmed infections were included. The socio-demographic and clinical variables and outcomes were evaluated to compare mortality rates in the presence or absence of these factors. Results: We included 93 patients in the study, 16.1% of whom died. The symptoms of cough and dyspnea, the use of the antiviral oseltamivir, influenza vaccine and comorbidities influenced the outcomes of cure or death. Chest radiography can aid in diagnosis. Conclusions: Although relatively few elderly people were infected, this population presented high lethality that can be justified by the sum of clinical, physical and immunological factors in this population. Treatment with oseltamivir and vaccination against seasonal influenza have significantly reduced rates of hospitalization and mortality.

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Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccine in the Community-Dwelling Elderly

Abstract: During 10 seasons, influenza vaccination was associated with significant reductions in the risk of hospitalization for pneumonia or influenza and in the risk of death among community-dwelling elderly persons. Vaccine delivery to this high-priority group should be improved.

Cited by 572 publications

References 41 publications

Disparities in influenza vaccination coverage rates by target group in five European countries: Trends over seven consecutive seasons

Disparities in influenza vaccination coverage rates by target group in five European countries: Trends over seven consecutive seasons

Recommended immunization schedules for adults: Clinical practice guidelines by the Escmid Vaccine Study Group (EVASG), European Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS) and the World Association for Infectious Diseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid)

The characteristics, clinical manifestations and outcomes of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in the elderly

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