Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Smoke Pollution in Homes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Rosen, Laura; Myers, Vicki; Winickoff, Jonathan P.; Kott, J.

doi:10.3390/ijerph121215038

Cited by 96 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Interventions that have been implemented to reduce household ETS or IAP include a combination of counselling, the installation of clean chimneys, and improved ventilation in the homes of smokers. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce ETS in homes as assessed by reduction in nicotine and PM levels found that although some benefits were documented, at follow-up, exposure was still present [114]. ETS exposure, as measured by cotinine levels, was consistently higher in children who lived in multiunit or attached housing compared to children living in detached homes, even if there were no smokers within the home [115].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ETS exposure, as measured by cotinine levels, was consistently higher in children who lived in multiunit or attached housing compared to children living in detached homes, even if there were no smokers within the home [115]. Regulations to enforce smoke-free multiunit housing is a feasible intervention, particularly for new developments [114,116] that should be considered in LMIC regions, especially where government-subsidized housing may be provided. However, in LMIC, these interventions might not always be possible.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood respiratory disease: a review

Vanker

Gie

Zar

2017

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

151

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Introduction: Childhood respiratory illness is a major cause of morbidity and mortality particularly in low and middle-income countries. Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure is a recognised risk factor for both acute and chronic respiratory illness.Areas covered: The aim of this paper was to review the epidemiology of ETS exposure and impact on respiratory health in children. We conducted a search of 3 electronic databases of publications on ETS and childhood respiratory illness from 1990–2015. Key findings were that up to 70% of children are exposed to ETS globally, but under-reporting may mask the true prevalence. Maternal smoking and ETS exposure influence infant lung development and are associated with childhood upper and lower respiratory tract infection, wheezing or asthma. Further, exposure to ETS is associated with more severe respiratory disease. ETS exposure reduces lung function early in life, establishing an increased lifelong risk of poor lung health.Expert commentary: Urgent and effective strategies are needed to decrease ETS exposure in young children to improve child and long-term lung health in adults especially in low and middle income countries where ETS exposure is increasing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood respiratory disease: a review

Vanker

Gie

Zar

2017

Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine

151

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…28 Thus, it is necessary to combine effective actions to protect children at home, such as the following: I) encouraging parents to quit smoking; II) making interventions aimed at promoting smokefree households; III) implementing regulatory approaches, such as smoke-free households; IV) running public health education campaigns to encourage smoke-free households beyond the extent of regulatory approaches. 28 That said, there is not sufficient data to recommend one strategy over another to reduce ETS exposure in children or evidence of success in different contexts (healthy children, sick children, the community). 29 Impact assessments are required accordingly for each context and region so as to establish which interventions are most costeffective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measures stated by parents and caregivers of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers to prevent environmental tobacco smoke exposure

Rios

Concha

Barría

2018

Arch Argent Pediatr

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Introduction. The exposure to environmental tobacco smoke is a public health problem because of its potential risks for children. Objective. To determine the preventive actions taken by parents and/or caregivers of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers regarding environmental tobacco smoke exposure. Methods. Cross-sectional, analytical study in parents and caregivers of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers from Valdivia, Chile. A questionnaire on preventive measures regarding environmental tobacco smoke was administered. The questionnaire was analyzed with descriptive and association statistics using Fisher's exact test and logistic regression to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) as an estimation of the risk for not taking preventive measures at home. Results. A total of 469 parents and caregivers participated. The prevalence of households with one member who smoked was 51.8%. Most of them smoked outside the house (92.2%). The most common measure taken outside the household was to avoid places where people smoked. In this setting, a significant difference was observed between men and women in relation to avoiding exposure (7.6% versus 2.2%; p= 0.040). A higher risk for not avoiding tobacco use inside or outside the housewas confirmed when a household member smoked (OR: 3.55; 95% CI: 2.05-6.14). Also, a lower risk was observed when there were two or more children in the household (OR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26-0.83). Conclusions. Most parents and caregivers ask others to smoke outside and avoid places where people smoke; however, the level of prevention is lower among households with smokers.

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“…However, there are few interventions that are effective in reducing SHS in deprived households with children 5 . Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) is a significant component of indoor air pollution, and has been widely used in tobacco control research as a marker for the presence of SHS 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using air quality monitoring to reduce second-hand smoke exposure in homes: the AFRESH feasibility study

Dobson

O’Donnell

Bruin

et al. 2017

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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INTRODUCTION Few interventions to reduce second-hand smoke in homes where children are present have been successful. A novel intervention was developed that included personal airquality feedback. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of delivering this theory-based intervention through small third-sector organisations in deprived areas within Scotland. METHODS The setting was third-sector organisations in Scotland. Support workers used air quality monitors to give information on smoke-free homes to parents. This advice was structured around computer generated reports, co-developed with workers and target-group members. Participants received a monitor then received a report, which was discussed with a support worker. Two weeks later, the monitor was reinstalled and another report produced to evaluate success. Three participants and one support worker were interviewed afterwards to explore their experiences. RESULTS One centre out of six that were approached agreed to deliver the intervention. Four participants took part. All participants saw a decline in average concentrations of PM 2.5 in their homes. In interviews, the participants and the support worker indicated that the intervention was acceptable and useful. The centres that declined to participate in the study cited a range of reasons, including a lack of staff time and perceived difficulties in recruiting members of the target population. CONCLUSIONS This intervention was acceptable for the target population tested, and may help participants to create smoke-free homes, although it is not possible to generalise the results of this small study. However, the resources required for the delivery of AFRESH do not match with the resources available in third-sector organisations, despite smoke-free homes being a policy priority.Using air quality monitoring to reduce second-hand smoke exposure in homes: The AFRESH feasibility study

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Effectiveness of Interventions to Reduce Tobacco Smoke Pollution in Homes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 96 publications

References 74 publications

The association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood respiratory disease: a review

The association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and childhood respiratory disease: a review

Measures stated by parents and caregivers of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers to prevent environmental tobacco smoke exposure

Using air quality monitoring to reduce second-hand smoke exposure in homes: the AFRESH feasibility study

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