NAC (no apical meristem (NAM), Arabidopsis thaliana transcription activation factor (ATAF1/2) and cup shaped cotyledon (CUC2)) transcription factors play crucial roles in plant development and stress responses. Nevertheless, to date, only a few reports regarding stress-related NAC genes are available in Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. In this study, the transcription factor MbNAC25 in M. baccata was isolated as a member of the plant-specific NAC family that regulates stress responses. Expression of MbNAC25 was induced by abiotic stresses such as drought, cold, high salinity and heat. The ORF of MbNAC25 is 1122 bp, encodes 373 amino acids and subcellular localization showed that MbNAC25 protein was localized in the nucleus. In addition, MbNAC25 was highly expressed in new leaves and stems using real-time PCR. To analyze the function of MbNAC25 in plants, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants that overexpressed MbNAC25. Under low-temperature stress (4 • C) and high-salt stress (200 mM NaCl), plants overexpressing MbNAC25 enhanced tolerance against cold and drought salinity conferring a higher survival rate than that of wild-type (WT). Correspondingly, the chlorophyll content, proline content, the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly increased, while malondialdehyde (MDA) content was lower. These results indicated that the overexpression of MbNAC25 in Arabidopsis plants improved the tolerance to cold and salinity stress via enhanced scavenging capability of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The proteins encoded by NAC family genes form homodimers or heterodimers at the N-terminal, consist of about 150 amino acids. The N-terminal regions of NAC proteins share a conserved DNA binding region, which is divided into five subdomains (A-E) [8], whereas the C-terminal region that contains a transcriptional regulatory domain is highly diversified.The regulatory mechanism of NAC TFs consists of two types. The first one is the regulation of transcriptional levels including phosphorylation and ubiquitination miRNAs, which can regulate the expression of TFs at the protein level. The other is that post-transcriptional regulation can be carried out by binding to the target mRNA. NAC transcription factors can regulate target genes by binding to NACRS (NAC recognition sequence) or NACBS (NAC binding sequence), thereby affecting fruit appearance, ripeness, aging, flavor and nutritional quality [9,10]. In addition, NAC transcription factors also bind DNA or other protein kinases to regulate growth and development in plants and various physiological processes, including top meristem [11], secondary wall formation [12], flower organ development [13], bud differentiation [14], embryo development [15], lateral root formation [16,17], plant organ aging and fruit maturity [18].Abiotic stress factors such as drought, high salt, cold and low temperature seriously affect the growth of plants. Under these stresses, a large number of reactive oxygen species will be gener...