Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing based on the Ability, Information and Motivation Model on Adherence to Treatment and Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Females with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of motivational interviewing based on the ability, information, and motivation (AIM) model on adherence to treatment and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in female patients with type 2 diabetes.
 Materials and Methods: In this randomized controlled clinical trial 60 women with type 2 diabetes were randomly selected from the 73 patients who referred to the endocrinology department of Imam Hossein Hospital in Tehran province from December 2018 to April 2019. The experimental group (n= 30) was treated with family empowerment therapy based on self-compassion for eight weekly 90-minute sessions while the control group (n= 30) received the usual hospital treatments. Data collection instrument was Morisky medication adherence scale and HbA1c measurements in three phases. Multivariate repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS-21 software package.
 Results: The findings showed that the mean score of adherence to treatment in the group treated with motivational interviewing based on the AIM model was significantly higher than that of the control group (P= 0.001). In addition, women with diabetes in the experimental group had a significantly lower mean HbA1c score compared to the control group (P= 0.001).
 Conclusion: The results of this study showed that motivational interviewing based on the AIM model can be effective in improving adherence to treatment and reducing HbA1c in women with type 2 diabetes.

The role of self-compassion in diabetes management: A rapid review

“…In eight of 16 studies, self-compassion was shown to be related to an improvement in regimen adherence and HbA1C levels and an increase in various psychological well-being domains ( Ferrari et al, 2017 ; Jackson, 2018 ; Tanenbaum et al, 2018 ; Morrison et al, 2019 ; Ventura et al, 2019 ; Rahmani et al, 2020 ; Akbari et al, 2022 ; Loseby et al, 2022 ). One article ( Kılıç et al, 2022 ) did not support this and found that self-compassion did not uniquely predict variables such as depression, anxiety, and quality of life.…”

“…Self-compassion was also found to be meaningfully associated with more optimal self-care behaviors ( Loseby et al, 2022 ). It is vital to understand this relationship, as improved self-care behaviors have been shown to improve regimen adherence and self-management behaviors which, in turn, reduce HbA1c levels ( Ferrari et al, 2017 ; Jackson, 2018 ; Rahmani et al, 2020 ; Loseby et al, 2022 ).…”

“…Four studies included in this review reported on interventions in the form of self-compassion training ( Friis et al, 2016 ; Whitebird et al, 2017 ; Karami et al, 2018 ; Rahmani et al, 2020 ). All the studies found a meaningful increase in glycemic control and a reduction in HbA1c levels.…”

“…This may be attributed to the strengthening of a healthy relationship with oneself that inevitably follows when engaging in self-compassionate behaviors. Self-compassion is associated with other tenets of positive psychology, such as mindfulness, self-care, self-efficacy, and family empowerment ( Whitebird et al, 2017 ; Rahmani et al, 2020 ; Loseby et al, 2022 ). These various facets need to be further explored to determine the role they could play in the development of self-compassion and, further, improved diabetes management.…”

“…However, it seems apparent that self-compassion is essential in reaching a state of prime physical and mental functioning. Hence, self-compassion may provide a way to improve the management and treatment of chronic conditions such as diabetes ( Ferrari et al, 2017 ; Jackson, 2018 ; Tanenbaum et al, 2018 ; Morrison et al, 2019 ; Ventura et al, 2019 ; Rahmani et al, 2020 ; Akbari et al, 2022 ; Loseby et al, 2022 ).…”