Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine in a Large Urban Population in the United States

Boom, Julie A.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Sahni, Leila C; Rench, Marcia A.; Hull, Jennifer J.; Gentsch, Jon R.; Patel, Manish; Baker, Carol J.; Parashar, Umesh D.

doi:10.1542/peds.2009-1021

Cited by 190 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Our VE estimates of RV5 are very similar to those found in other US evaluations. [13][14][15][16][17][18] We also found an overall high VE of a 2-dose mixed series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine

2013

PEDIATRICS

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Monovalent rotavirus vaccine was introduced for infants in the United States in 2008. Previous US evaluations have not specifically assessed the performance of this vaccine under routine use. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Using the same methodology and covering the same time period, high effectiveness (∼90%) was demonstrated for the monovalent and the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine series against rotavirus disease resulting in emergency department/inpatient care, in children up to 2 years of age. abstract OBJECTIVE: Previous US evaluations have not assessed monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1, a G1P[8] human rotavirus strain) effectiveness, because of its later introduction (2008). Using case-control methodology, we measured the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the 2-dose RV1 and 3-dose pentavalent vaccine (RV5) series against rotavirus disease resulting in hospital emergency department or inpatient care. METHODS:Children were eligible for enrollment if they presented to 1 of 5 hospitals (3 in Georgia, 2 in Connecticut) with diarrhea of #10 days' duration during January through June 2010 or 2011, and were born after RV1 introduction. Stools were collected; immunization records were obtained from providers and state electronic immunization information system (IIS). Case-subjects (children testing rotavirus antigenpositive) were compared with 2 control groups: children testing rotavirus negative and children selected from IIS. RESULTS:Overall, 165 rotavirus-case subjects and 428 rotavirus-negative controls were enrolled. Using the rotavirus-negative controls, RV1 VE was 91% (95% confidence interval [CI] 80 to 95) and RV5 VE was 92% (CI 75 to 97) among children aged $8 months. The RV1 VE against G2P[4] disease was high (94%, CI 78 to 98), as was that against G1P [8] disease (89%, CI 70 to 96). RV1 effectiveness was sustained among children aged 12 through 23 months (VE 91%; CI 75 to 96). VE point estimates using IIS controls were similar to those using rotavirusnegative controls.CONCLUSIONS: RV1 and RV5 were both highly effective against severe rotavirus disease. RV1 conferred sustained protection during the first 2 years of life and demonstrated high effectiveness against G2P[4] (heterotypic) disease. Pediatrics 2013;132:e25-e33 AUTHORS:

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“…Our VE estimates of RV5 are very similar to those found in other US evaluations. [13][14][15][16][17][18] We also found an overall high VE of a 2-dose mixed series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine

2013

PEDIATRICS

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“…During the study until the end of the 2003-2004 winter season the G1;P [8] genotype was widespread while G9:P [8] remained rare. A majority of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis requiring hospitalization may be prevented by the widespread use of rotavirus vaccines [52][53][54]. Noroviruses are the second leading causative agent of gastroenteritis in hospitalized young children and such infections are less severe than those caused by rotavirus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and clinical features of gastroenteritis in hospitalised children: prospective survey during a 2-year period in a Parisian hospital, France

Lorrot

Bon

Hajje

et al. 2010

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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International audienceRotavirus is recognised as the most important agent of severe acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children. In a 2-year prospective survey, we investigated the epidemiology and clinical features of the viral and bacterial pathogens in children hospitalised for AGE. The study was performed in a Parisian teaching hospital from November 2001 to May 2004. Clinical data were prospectively collected to assess the gastroenteritis severity (20-point Vesikari severity score, the need for intravenous rehydration, duration of hospitalisation). Stools were systematically tested for group A rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus 40/41, sapovirus and Aichi virus and enteropathogenic bacteria. A total of 457 children (mean age 15.9 months) were enrolled. Viruses were detected in 305 cases (66.7%) and bacteria in 31 cases (6.8%). Rotaviruses were the most frequent pathogen (48.8%), followed by noroviruses (8.3%) and adenoviruses, astroviruses, Aichi viruses and sapoviruses in 3.5%, 1.5%, 0.9% and 0.4%, respectively. Cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis were significantly more severe than those of norovirus with respect to the Vesikari score, duration of hospitalisation and the need for intravenous rehydration. Rotaviruses were the most frequent and most severe cause in children hospitalised for AGE, and noroviruses also account for a large number of cases in this population

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“…In addition, recent effectiveness studies in the USA and Nicaragua showed that RV5 is effective in protecting against rotavirus-related hospitalisations , Boom et al 2010. However, because of the variation in the regional and global distributions of rotavirus serotypes, it is important to account for local surveillance data, if available, to accurately predict vaccine effectiveness in regions where no trials or effectiveness studies have been conducted (Gentsch et al 1996).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Projecting the effectiveness of RotaTeq® against rotavirus-related hospitalisations in Brazil

Khoury

Mast

Ciarlet³

et al. 2011

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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RotaTeq® (Merck & Company, Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA) is an oral pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) that has shown high and consistent efficacy in preventing rotavirus gastroenteritis (RGE) in randomised clinical trials previously conducted in industrialised countries with high medical care resources. To date, the efficacy and effectiveness data for RV5 are available in some Latin American countries, but not Brazil. In this analysis, we projected the effectiveness of RV5 in terms of the percentage reduction in RGE-related hospitalisations among children less than five years of age in four regions of Brazil, using a previously validated mathematical model. The model inputs included hospital-based rotavirus surveillance data from Goiânia, Porto Alegre, Salvador and São Paulo from 2005-2006, which provided the proportions of rotavirus attributable to serotypes G1, G2, G3, G4 and G9, and published rotavirus serotype-specific efficacy from the Rotavirus Efficacy and Safety Trial. The model projected an overall percentage reduction of 93% in RGE-related hospitalisations, with an estimated annual reduction in RGE-related hospitalisations between 42,991-77,383 in the four combined regions of Brazil. These results suggest that RV5 could substantially prevent RGE-related hospitalisations in Brazil

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Effectiveness of Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine in a Large Urban Population in the United States

Abstract: In this setting, a complete series of RV5 was highly effective against severe rotavirus AGE. Partial immunization also conferred substantial protection.

Cited by 190 publications

References 22 publications

Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine

Effectiveness of Monovalent and Pentavalent Rotavirus Vaccine

Epidemiology and clinical features of gastroenteritis in hospitalised children: prospective survey during a 2-year period in a Parisian hospital, France

Projecting the effectiveness of RotaTeq® against rotavirus-related hospitalisations in Brazil

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