Effectiveness of Perioperative Local Use of Anesthetics and Antiseptics in Patients with Purulent-necrotic Lesions of Lower Extremities in Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Every second patient with the diabetes mellitus (DM) needs surgery due to purulent-necrotic changes in the feet.
 The aim of the study was comparative morphological examination of the course of the wound process in purulent-necrotic lesions of the lower extremities of patients with DM with different approaches to local treatment in the perioperative period.
 Materials and Methods: We investigated changes in the histological structure and the nature of the reactions of skin tissues, muscles and fascia during the healing of an ulcer in patients with the diabetes mellitus after various types of local treatment. Then the specimens were photographed and analyzed using the OLIMPUS BX 41 light microscope.
 Results: In the first comparison group, which used standard anesthesia techniques and locally antiseptic povidon-iodine - granulation tissue was characterized by the complete absence of fibrous structures and the presence of a small number of small-sized neoplastic vessels with swollen endothelium. And in patients of the II observation group who received locally decamethoxin and infiltration anesthesia with a 2% solution of lidocaine after surgery during the study of histological preparations of the affected tissues, a significant decrease in signs of pathological vascular reaction was established compared with the comparison group.
 Conclusions: In group 1 (control) healing of wounds on the third-seventh day is characterized by somewhat slow regeneration. Wound healing was most favorable in patients of the second group, where infiltration anesthesia was used by local anesthetic and antiseptic decamethoxin.