Effectiveness of preharvest application of submicron chitosan dispersions for controlling Alternaria rot in postharvest jujube fruit

Abstract

The efficacy of submicron chitosan dispersions (SCD) on Alternaria alternata rot of the ‘Lingwu changzao’ jujube (Zizyphus jujuba Mill. cv. Lingwu changzao) fruit and possible mechanisms involved were investigated in this study. When jujube fruit at the preharvest stage were sprayed twice with SCD (10 mg/ml) water solution and then natural infections were allowed to develop, there was a significant reduction in disease incidence and lesion index compared to control fruit during storage period, and similar results were obtained from postharvest fruit inoculated with the Alternaria rot pathogen. Scanning electron microscopy of the pathogen revealed that hyphae and spores were damaged and deformed when growing on the surface of fruit pretreated with SCD or CHO. The slowed softening of jujube fruit resulted from the protopectin content increasing compared with the control. Furthermore, SCD sprays inhibited cell wall hydrolysing enzymes, pectinase activity was decreased, and the increase in cellulase activity was postponed (from 30 days to 45 days).It was concluded that preharvest application of SCD was a more effective alternative to conventional chitosan for preventing postharvest from Alternaria rot of ‘Lingwu changzao’ jujube fruit.

Chitosan and postharvest decay of fresh fruit: Meta‐analysis of disease control and antimicrobial and eliciting activities

“…(studies, 16; total cases, 1,968) (Cháfer, Sánchez‐González, González‐Martínez, & Chiralt, 2012; El Guilli, Hamza, Clément, Ibriz, & Ait Barka, 2016; Feliziani et al., 2013; Gramisci et al., 2018; Kharchoufi et al., 2018; Liu, Sun, Xiu, Huang, & Zhou, 2018; Lu et al., 2014; Romanazzi et al., 2013; Shao et al., 2012; Shao et al., 2015; Shi, Wang, Lu, & Deng, 2018; Wang, Wu, Qin, & Meng, 2014; Xing, Xu, Che, Li, & Li, 2011; Zheng et al., 2017) (MD, −30.85; 95% CI, −41.91 to −19.79; I 2 , 90.0%; p < 0.00001), as highly effective in nine of these studies (El Guilli et al., 2016; Liu et al., 2018; Lu et al., 2014; Romanazzi et al., 2013; Shao et al., 2015; Shi et al., 2018; Xing et al., 2011; Zheng et al., 2017); Rhizopus rot (studies, five; total cases, 1,740) (Cia, Benato, Pascholati, & Garcia, 2010; Ramos‐García et al., 2012; Romanazzi et al., 2013; Xing et al., 2015) (MD, −28.80; 95% CI, −46.13 to −11.47; I 2 , 87.0%; p = 0.001), as effective in three of these studies (Cia et al., 2010; Ramos‐García et al., 2012; Romanazzi et al., 2013); and anthracnose (11 studies; total cases, 2,134) (Ali, Noh, & Mustafa, 2015; Bill et al., 2014; Edirisinghe, Ali, Maqbool, & Alderson, 2014; Gutiérrez‐Martínez, Bautista‐Banos, Berúmen‐Varela, Ramos‐Guerrero, & Hernández‐Ibanez, 2017; Maqbool, Ali, Ramachandran, Smith, & Alderson, 2010; Obianom et al., 2019; Zahid, Ali, Manickam, Siddiqui, & Maqbool, 2012) (MD, −46.64; 95% CI, −61.54 to −31.73; I 2 , 92.0%; p < 0.00001), as effective in all of these studies. For Alternaria rot, 1% chitosan was not significantly effective (studies, five; total cases, 1,228) (Feliziani et al., 2015; Guo, Xing, Yu, Zhao, & Zhu, 2017; López‐Mora, Gutiérrez‐Martínez, Bautista‐Baños, Jiménez‐García, & Zavaleta‐Mancera, 2013; Meng, Yang, Kennedy, & Tian, 2010; Yan et al., 2011) (MD, −8.50; 95% CI, −15.75 to −1.25; I 2 , 27.0%; p = 0.24), although in...…”

Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Study of Chitosan Schiff Base Derivatives

“…7) shows that all have equal antifungal property against Rhizopus fungus. The antifungal activity of chitosan biopolymer is reported on various fruits and vegetables (Guo et al, 2017, Gutierrez et al, 2017, Irkin and Guldas 2013, Jiang et al, 2018 and the chitosan Schiff base and its complexes in the study is stable in its antifungal activity.…”

Changes in pectin characteristics of jujube fruits cv "Dongzao" and "Jinsixiaozao" during cold storage

“…Meanwhile, they also contain multiple of functional compounds, including polysaccharides, triterpene acids, phenolics, and cyclic nucleotides (Yang et al., 2019). Hence, jujube fruits are widely used as a raw material for foodstuffs and traditional Chinese medicine (Guo et al., 2015; Guo et al., 2017; Ji et al., 2020; Zhou et al., 2013).…”