The Palgrave Handbook of Global Social Problems 2022
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68127-2_194-1
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Effectiveness of Public Order Police Strategies in Curbing Common Acts of Violence During Service Delivery Protests

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“…According to the SAPS guidelines, the use of force must be lawful, necessary, and proportional, with the goal of restoring order rather than causing harm. However, there have been numerous reports of injuries caused by police during protests, raising concerns about whether these guidelines are being followed or not (Madima, Rakhubu, & Tirivangasi, 2022;Richardson et al, 2022). Police data related to a 2013 protest outside Johannesburg, indicated that 1 100 rubber rounds were fired (Bruce, 2016).…”
Section: Use Of Less-lethal Weapons By the South African Police Servicementioning
confidence: 99%
“…According to the SAPS guidelines, the use of force must be lawful, necessary, and proportional, with the goal of restoring order rather than causing harm. However, there have been numerous reports of injuries caused by police during protests, raising concerns about whether these guidelines are being followed or not (Madima, Rakhubu, & Tirivangasi, 2022;Richardson et al, 2022). Police data related to a 2013 protest outside Johannesburg, indicated that 1 100 rubber rounds were fired (Bruce, 2016).…”
Section: Use Of Less-lethal Weapons By the South African Police Servicementioning
confidence: 99%