Effectiveness of Respiratory Muscles Training by Voluntary Isocapnic Hyperpnea Versus Inspiratory Threshold Loading on Intercostales and Vastus Lateralis Muscles Deoxygenation Induced by Exercise in Physically Active Adults

Espinosa-Ramírez, Maximiliano; Riquelme, Santiago; Araya, Felipe; Rodríguez, Guido; Figueroa-Martínez, Fernanda; Gabrielli, Luigi; Viscor, Ginés; Reid, W. Darlene; Contreras-Briceño, Felipe

doi:10.3390/biology12020219

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The increase in oxygenation was higher in intercostales compared to vastus lateralis. The difference between muscle groups is consistent with the observation of Espinoza-Ramirez et al (2023), who showed decreased deoxygenation of intercostales during exercise after RMT program, with no effect of vastus lateralis oxygenation (Espinosa-Ramírez et al, 2023). High values of ΔSMO 2 AI and ΔSMO 2 AV show fast recovery and do not indicate any type of significant fatigue.…”

Section: Nirs-derived Indicessupporting

confidence: 90%

Functional Kinesiology in Health and Performance

2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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Frontiers is more than just an open access publisher of scholarly articles: it is a pioneering approach to the world of academia, radically improving the way scholarly research is managed. The grand vision of Frontiers is a world where all people have an equal opportunity to seek, share and generate knowledge. Frontiers provides immediate and permanent online open access to all its publications, but this alone is not enough to realize our grand goals. Frontiers journal seriesThe Frontiers journal series is a multi-tier and interdisciplinary set of openaccess, online journals, promising a paradigm shift from the current review, selection and dissemination processes in academic publishing. All Frontiers journals are driven by researchers for researchers; therefore, they constitute a service to the scholarly community. At the same time, the Frontiers journal series operates on a revolutionary invention, the tiered publishing system, initially addressing specific communities of scholars, and gradually climbing up to broader public understanding, thus serving the interests of the lay society, too. Dedication to qualityEach Frontiers article is a landmark of the highest quality, thanks to genuinely collaborative interactions between authors and review editors, who include some of the world's best academicians. Research must be certified by peers before entering a stream of knowledge that may eventually reach the public -and shape society; therefore, Frontiers only applies the most rigorous and unbiased reviews. Frontiers revolutionizes research publishing by freely delivering the most outstanding research, evaluated with no bias from both the academic and social point of view. By applying the most advanced information technologies, Frontiers is catapulting scholarly publishing into a new generation. What are Frontiers Research Topics?Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers journals series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area.

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Section: Nirs-derived Indicessupporting

confidence: 90%

Functional Kinesiology in Health and Performance

2024

Frontiers Research Topics

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Section: Nirs-derived Indicessupporting

confidence: 90%

Respiratory muscle training induces additional stress and training load in well-trained triathletes—randomized controlled trial

Kowalski,

Kasiak,

Rebis

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Background: Respiratory muscle training (RMT) has been investigated in the context of improved athletic performance and pulmonary function. However, psychophysiological costs of RMT remain understudied. Voluntary isocapnic hyperpnoea (VIH) and inspiratory pressure threshold loading (IPTL) are widely applied RMT methods. The main purposes of this study were to assess whether RMT induces additional load on well-trained triathletes and determine differences in RMT-induced load between sexes and applied methods.Materials and Methods: 16 well-trained triathletes (n = 16, 56% males) underwent 6 weeks of VIH or IPTL program with progressive overload. Blood markers, subjective measures, cardiac indices, near-infrared spectroscopy indices, inspiratory muscle fatigue, and RMT-induced training load were monitored pre-, in and post-sessions. We used multiple ANOVA to investigate effects of sex, training method, and time on measured parameters.Results: There were significant interactions for acid-base balance (p = 0.04 for sex, p < 0.001 for method), partial carbon dioxide pressure (p = 0.03 for sex, p < 0.001 for method), bicarbonate (p = 0.01 for method), lactate (p < 0.001 for method), RMT-induced training load (p = 0.001 for method for single session, p = 0.03 for method per week), average heart rate (p = 0.03 for sex), maximum heart rate (p = 0.02 for sex), intercostales muscle oxygenation (p = 0.007 for testing week), and intercostales muscle oxygenation recovery (p = 0.003 for testing week and p = 0.007 for method).Conclusion: We found that RMT induced additional load in well-trained triathletes. Elicited changes in monitored variables depend on sex and training method. VIH significantly increased subjective training load measures. IPTL was associated with disbalance in blood gasometry, increase in lactate, and reports of headaches and dizziness. Both methods should be applied with consideration in high-performance settings.

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“…The raw SmO 2 data were subjected to a low pass (<0.1 Hz) to remove noises associated with body movement during the exercise protocol and spontaneous slow hemodynamic oscillations. From these values, SmO 2 was calculated using PeriPedal ® software (PeriPedal, Indianapolis, IN, USA) at a sampling frequency of 2 Hz from the m.intercostales (SmO 2 -m.intercostales) and m.vastus lateralis (SmO 2 -m.vastus lateralis), according to previous protocols [22,23,25,26,[34][35][36]46].…”

Section: Muscle Oxygen Saturation (Smo 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In RMs, few studies have evaluated the impact of therapeutic intervention on SmO 2 with NIRS wearable sensors [23,38,39,51]. The reason mainly given is the difficulty in recording the raw signal associated with metabolic and hematologic local changes of accessory RMs recruited while the thoracic cage is moving.…”

Section: Wearable Nirs Devices and Oxygen Muscle Levels During Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring Changes in Oxygen Muscle during Exercise with High-Flow Nasal Cannula Using Wearable NIRS Biosensors

Contreras-Briceño,

Espinosa-Ramírez,

Rivera-Greene

et al. 2023

Biosensors

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Exercise increases the cost of breathing (COB) due to increased lung ventilation (V˙E), inducing respiratory muscles deoxygenation (∇SmO2), while the increase in workload implies ∇SmO2 in locomotor muscles. This phenomenon has been proposed as a leading cause of exercise intolerance, especially in clinical contexts. The use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) during exercise routines in rehabilitation programs has gained significant interest because it is proposed as a therapeutic intervention for reducing symptoms associated with exercise intolerance, such as fatigue and dyspnea, assuming that HFNC could reduce exercise-induced ∇SmO2. SmO2 can be detected using optical wearable devices provided by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology, which measures the changes in the amount of oxygen bound to chromophores (e.g., hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochrome oxidase) at the target tissue level. We tested in a study with a cross-over design whether the muscular desaturation of m.vastus lateralis and m.intercostales during a high-intensity constant-load exercise can be reduced when it was supported with HFNC in non-physically active adults. Eighteen participants (nine women; age: 22 ± 2 years, weight: 65.1 ± 11.2 kg, height: 173.0 ± 5.8 cm, BMI: 21.6 ± 2.8 kg·m−2) were evaluated in a cycle ergometer (15 min, 70% maximum watts achieved in ergospirometry (V˙O2-peak)) breathing spontaneously (control, CTRL) or with HFNC support (HFNC; 50 L·min−1, fiO2: 21%, 30 °C), separated by seven days in randomized order. Two-way ANOVA tests analyzed the ∇SmO2 (m.intercostales and m.vastus lateralis), and changes in V˙E and ∇SmO2·V˙E−1. Dyspnea, leg fatigue, and effort level (RPE) were compared between trials by the Wilcoxon matched-paired signed rank test. We found that the interaction of factors (trial × exercise-time) was significant in ∇SmO2-m.intercostales, V˙E, and (∇SmO2-m.intercostales)/V˙E (p < 0.05, all) but not in ∇SmO2-m.vastus lateralis. ∇SmO2-m.intercostales was more pronounced in CTRL during exercise since 5′ (p < 0.05). Hyperventilation was higher in CTRL since 10′ (p < 0.05). The ∇SmO2·V˙E−1 decreased during exercise, being lowest in CTRL since 5′. Lower dyspnea was reported in HFNC, with no differences in leg fatigue and RPE. We concluded that wearable optical biosensors documented the beneficial effect of HFNC in COB due to lower respiratory ∇SmO2 induced by exercise. We suggest incorporating NIRS devices in rehabilitation programs to monitor physiological changes that can support the clinical impact of the therapeutic intervention implemented.

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Effectiveness of Respiratory Muscles Training by Voluntary Isocapnic Hyperpnea Versus Inspiratory Threshold Loading on Intercostales and Vastus Lateralis Muscles Deoxygenation Induced by Exercise in Physically Active Adults

Cited by 6 publications

References 52 publications

Functional Kinesiology in Health and Performance

Functional Kinesiology in Health and Performance

Respiratory muscle training induces additional stress and training load in well-trained triathletes—randomized controlled trial

Monitoring Changes in Oxygen Muscle during Exercise with High-Flow Nasal Cannula Using Wearable NIRS Biosensors

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