Effectiveness of Several Antifibrillary Drugs in the Hypothermic Dog

Covino, Benjamín G.; Wright, R. George; Charleson, Diana A.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1955.181.1.54

Cited by 38 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…It is most effective against experimental ventricular arrhythmias induced in laboratory animals by a variety of means. These include ventricular tachycardia caused by ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery (1), arrhythmias caused by ouabain infusion (2), arrhythmias caused by administration of epinephrine and cyclopropane (3), and the ventricular arrhythmias caused by hypothermia (4). DPH also is effective against aconitine and delphinine induced atrial arrhythmias (5); this observation is of particular interest, since these arrhythmias are unresponsive to treatment with quinidine and procaine amide.…”

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confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological Effects of Diphenylhydantoin on Canine Purkinje Fibers

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Bassett

Hoffman

1968

Circulation Research

215

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The effects of diphenylbydantoin (DPH) were studied on isolated, perfused Purkinje fibers over a range of concentrations from lCh 8 to 10 -4 M. The time course of repolarization of the transmembrane action potential shortened due to abbreviation of all phases of repolarization. The effective refractory period also shortened during exposure to DPH, but to a lesser extent than the action potential. As a result the earliest effective test stimulus elicited action potentials with greater amplitude and dv/dt of phase 0 than under control conditions. In driven fibers with normal action potentials, DPH had little effect on the amplitude or rate of rise (dv/dt) of phase 0 of the action potential. In driven fibers which were partially depolarized, or those with low dv/dt of phase 0 despite normal resting potentials, DPH caused an increase in the rate of rise of phase 0 of the action potential. DPH caused a decrease in the firing rate of normal automatic fibers by decreasing the slope of phase 4 depolarization. In automatic fibers which showed generalized diastolic depolarization and decreased maximum diastolic potential, DPH caused an increase in the latter as well as a decrease in the slope of phase 4 depolarization.

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confidence: 99%

Electrophysiological Effects of Diphenylhydantoin on Canine Purkinje Fibers

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Bassett

Hoffman

1968

Circulation Research

215

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“…• Recent reports indicate that diphenylhydantoin sodium (DPH) is effective in abolishing many ventricular arrhythmias (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). Among the atrial arrhythmias, only supraventricular tachycardia, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, and digitalis-induced atrial arrhythmias usually respond to DPH therapy 4 6 4…”

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Actions of Diphenylhydantoin on the Electrical Properties of Isolated Rabbit and Canine Atria

Strauss

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Bassett

et al. 1968

Circulation Research

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The effects of diphenylhydantoin (DPH), 1(H to 1(HM, were studied on the various types of cells in the isolated right atrial preparation and on the specialized cells of Bachmann's bundle in atrial preparations obtained from puppies. High concentrations of DPH (1(HM) slowed sinoatrial rate but lower concentrations had little effect. These chronotropic effects of DPH were direct. DPH in concentrations above 10~5M decreased the slope of phase 4 depolarization in cells in the sinoatrial node and venous automatic tissue. DPH in concentrations of 1C H to ICHM had no effect on transmembrane action potentials recorded from any cell studied; concentrations of ICMM, however, prolonged the terminal phase of repolarization. High concentrations (ICHM) also prolonged the effective refractory period of Bachmann's bundle and ordinary atrial and perinodal fibers by an average of 10%. DPH markedly increased the dv/dt of phase 0 of the action potential and membrane responsiveness of ordinary atrial and specialized Bachmann's bundle fibers under control conditions and produced more striking increases when these two variables had been decreased by ouabain. DPH was also proved capable of reversing ouabain-induced sinoatrial block. This unique ability of DPH to enhance membrane responsiveness and to improve conduction in the absence of significant effects on the effective refractory period and automaticity of atrial cells suggests that this may be the sole mechanism of its antiarrhythmic action.ADDITIONAL KEY WORDS automaticity transmembrane potentials effective refractory period antiarrhythmic activity reactivation membrane responsiveness acetylcholine atropine catecholamines• Recent reports indicate that diphenylhydantoin sodium (DPH) is effective in abolishing many ventricular arrhythmias (1-11). Among the atrial arrhythmias, only supraventricular tachycardia, paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, and digitalis-induced atrial arrhythmias usually respond to DPH therapy From the

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“…Its value in experimental arrhythmias was later confirmed by Mosey and Tyler (1954), Covino, Wright, and Charleson (1955), White, Megirian, and Swiss (1955), Scherf et al (1960), and Bose, Saifi, and Sharma (1963). Leonard (1958) reported the first successful documented clinical use of phenytoin in the treatment of recurrent ventricular tachycardia complicating myocardial infarction which proved refractory to other treatment.…”

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confidence: 79%

Phenytoin in post-operative cardiac arrhythmias.

Gautam¹

1969

Heart

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Effectiveness of Several Antifibrillary Drugs in the Hypothermic Dog

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Electrophysiological Effects of Diphenylhydantoin on Canine Purkinje Fibers

Electrophysiological Effects of Diphenylhydantoin on Canine Purkinje Fibers

Actions of Diphenylhydantoin on the Electrical Properties of Isolated Rabbit and Canine Atria

Phenytoin in post-operative cardiac arrhythmias.

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