Effectiveness of short-course therapy (5 days) with grepafloxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

DeAbate, C. Andrew; Bettis, Robert; Munk, Zev M.; Fleming, Harold; Munn, Nancy; Riffer, Ernie; Bagby, Barbara; Giguere, Gregory; Collins, Jeffrey J.

doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(00)88277-6

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…18 Grepafloxacin has excellent activity against penicillin-sensitive and -resistant pneumococci in vitro. [6][7][8][9] Numerous studies document the efficacy of grepafloxacin in community-acquired respiratory tract infections, including community-acquired pneumonia, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis [10][11][12]19 and sinusitis (Olafsson, E., St-Pierre, C., Niekerk, G., Elie, W., unpublished results). In the rabbit meningitis model we studied the kinetic of grepafloxacin into the CSF and its efficacy against penicillin-resistant pneumococci.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…[6][7][8] Grepafloxacin (1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-5methyl-7-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinoline carboxylic acid hydrochloride), a new broad-spectrum quinolone, has excellent activity against penicillin-sensitive and penicillin-resistant pneumococci in vitro 9 and has been successfully evaluated in respiratory tract infections. [10][11][12] Little is known about the efficacy of grepafloxacin in meningitis caused by penicillin-resistant strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grepafloxacin against penicillin-resistant pneumococci in the rabbit meningitis model

Gerber

Tovar²,

Cottagnoud³

et al. 2000

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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Grepafloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, produced bactericidal activity comparable to that of vancomycin and ceftriaxone in the treatment in rabbits of meningitis caused by a pneumococcal strain highly resistant to penicillin (MIC 4 mg/L) (triangle uplog(10) cfu/mL*h for grepafloxacin, -0.32 +/- 0.15; dose, 15 mg/kg iv; triangle uplog(10) cfu/mL*h for vancomycin, -0.39 +/- 0.18; dose, 2 x 20 mg/kg iv; triangle uplog(10) cfu/mL*h for ceftriaxone, -0.32 +/- 0. 12; dose, 125 mg/kg iv). Higher doses of grepafloxacin (30 mg/kg and 2 x 50 mg/kg) did not improve the killing rates. The combination of grepafloxacin with vancomycin was not significantly superior to monotherapies (P > 0.05). In vitro, grepafloxacin was bactericidal at concentrations above the MIC. Using concentrations around the MIC, addition of vancomycin to grepafloxacin showed synergic activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grepafloxacin against penicillin-resistant pneumococci in the rabbit meningitis model

Gerber

Tovar²,

Cottagnoud³

et al. 2000

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

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“…In patients with COPD, the average sputum count of S. pneumoniae was reported to be 10 7 cfu/ mL, during both the periods of exacerbation and remission [16]. Notwithstanding these data, resistance that occurred in S. pneumoniae isolates that persisted after fluoroquinolone treatment has not been evaluated in clinical trials of treatment of patients who have acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. In the study by Davies and Maesen [21] on the effectiveness of levofloxacin in treatment of patients with acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, a high rate of treatment failure (13 [65%] of 20) was reported in association with S. pneumoniae [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Acquisition of Levofloxacin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: A Case-Control Study

Tse²,

Tsang

et al. 2001

Clinical Infectious Diseases

204

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A case-control study was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with levofloxacin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (LRSP) colonization or infection. Twenty-seven case patients (patients with LRSP) were compared with 54 controls (patients with levofloxacin-susceptible S. pneumoniae). Risk factors that were significantly associated with LRSP colonization or infection, according to univariate analysis, included an older age (median age, 75 years for case patients versus 72.5 years for controls), residence in a nursing home (odds ratio [OR], 7.2), history of recent (OR, 4.6) and multiple (OR, 4.4) hospitalizations, prior exposure to fluoroquinolones (OR, 10.6) and beta-lactams (OR, 8.6), presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; OR, 5.9), and nosocomial origin of the bacteria (OR, 5.7). Multivariate analysis showed that presence of COPD (OR, 10.3), nosocomial origin of the bacteria (OR, 16.2), residence in a nursing home (OR, 7.4), and exposure to fluoroquinolones (OR, 10.7) were independently associated with LRSP colonization or infection. Thus, a distinct group of patients with COPD is the reservoir of LRSP.

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“…Plusieurs études ont comporté des traitements « courts » dans un ou deux bras [271,314,317,320,327,334,335,[338][339][340]. Il s'est agi soit de la comparaison de deux molécules soit de la comparaison de la même molécule pour des durées (et éventuellement des doses) différentes.…”

Section: Posologiesunclassified

Antibiothérapie par voie générale en pratique courante dans les infections respiratoires basses de l'adulte et de l'enfant. Argumentaire

2005

Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses

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Effectiveness of short-course therapy (5 days) with grepafloxacin in the treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Grepafloxacin against penicillin-resistant pneumococci in the rabbit meningitis model

Grepafloxacin against penicillin-resistant pneumococci in the rabbit meningitis model

Risk Factors for Acquisition of Levofloxacin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: A Case-Control Study

Antibiothérapie par voie générale en pratique courante dans les infections respiratoires basses de l'adulte et de l'enfant. Argumentaire

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