“…In this study, we utilize a logistic nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design regression model to evaluate the impact of the integration of medical insurance for urban and rural residents on prevalence of functional limitations among middle-aged and elderly individuals residing in rural areas, taking into account the temporal variation in the implementation of the medical insurance system for urban and rural residents. The underlying principle of the DID model is to establish a treatment group comprising of individuals who have undergone the integration policy of medical insurance for urban and rural residents and a control group consisting of individuals who have not yet participated in the integration of health insurance policies, in order to discern the differences in functional limitations among middle-aged and elderly individuals residing in rural areas prior to and following the implementation of the policy ( Bethmann & Cho, 2022 ; Boelens et al, 2022 ). The specific model can be expressed as: model: Logit(Pr(y=1| Treat, Period)) =β 0 + β 1 ∗ Treat + β 2 ∗ Period + β 3 ∗ DID + β 4 ∗ Covariates + ε …”