Effectiveness of UV-based advanced oxidation processes for the remediation of hydrocarbon pollution in the groundwater: A laboratory investigation

Mascolo, G.; Ciannarella, Ruggiero; Balest, L.; López, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.07.120

Cited by 72 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Superoxide can also be generated in zerovalent iron reactions (Joo et al 2004, Katsoyiannis et al 2008, Noubactep and Schoner 2009. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) reactions also produce superoxide, and these radicals are considered an important part of this metal's reactive capabilities (Gerischer and Heller 1991, Howe and Gratzel 1985, Mascolo et al 2008, Mezyk et al 2013, Shephard et al 1998. Superoxide can be derived from the disassociation of inorganic superoxide salts, such as potassium superoxide (KO2) (Poupko and Rosenthal 1973).…”

Section: Superoxide Radicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shephard et al (1998) speculated that superoxide had a critical role in TiO2-mediated degradation of microcystin, a toxin produced by cyanobacteria. Mascolo et al (2008) found ultraviolet (UV)-activated TiO2 reactions degraded compounds like methyl-tert-butyl-ether (MTBE), benzene, alkyl-benzenes, and alkyl-naphthalenes, although reactions were not as effective as UV-activated hydrogen peroxide due to fouling issues with the TiO2 catalyst. Still, the better removal of hexadecane by the UV/TiO2 system was directly attributed to superoxides.…”

Section: Superoxide Radicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testing of the KRIA Ionizing Water Treatment System for Waters Contaminated with Diesel, PCBs, and Nutrients (Nitrogen Forms)

Medina¹,

Morrow²,

Thomas³

et al. 2016

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This project evaluated the KRIA water treatment system (also know under the trade name ECOSOAR) for treatment of three environmental contaminants: diesel fuel, PCBs (arochlor 1254) and nutrients (nitrogen forms). The KRIA water treatment system works by charging water with the superoxide radical (O2 -), which is electrochemically generated from oxygen in the atmosphere. At the injection site, both cavitation and microbubble reactions may also occur. A review of the literature indicates that superoxide is a relatively weak radical, but it can work both oxidatively and reductively. A review of the literature also showed that superoxide can transform chlorinated solvents and microcystin (a toxin associated with algae). Studies of the KRIA yielded promising results, but most of these studies lacked sufficient control to isolate variables, possibly casting doubt on the exact nature of the mechanism. Background studies were conducted to evaluate the KRIA's effect on water. The KRIA charged water for 135 minutes and was compared to a control in which the superoxide valve was turned off. It was found that the superoxide charging resulted in elevated (approximately threefold) levels of oxygen, which led to the water being supersaturated (by approximately 300%). Conductivity was also increased, presumably due to the addition of charged oxygen species into the water. These elevated levels persisted for at least 24 hours after the charging, suggesting that the effect was persistent. The team also documented elevated concentrations of superoxide ion after charging. Treatment of diesel resulted in a 58% increase in removal compared to the control reactor, and this was statistically significant. Treatment of PCBs resulted in a 20% increase in removal as compared to the control, and was also statistically significant. Treatment of nutrients (ammonia and nitrate) did not appear to result in any changes to their respective concentrations.

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Section: Superoxide Radicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Superoxide Radicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing of the KRIA Ionizing Water Treatment System for Waters Contaminated with Diesel, PCBs, and Nutrients (Nitrogen Forms)

Medina¹,

Morrow²,

Thomas³

et al. 2016

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“…It has been reported that phenol is among pollutants frequently found in rivers, industrial effluents, and landfill runoff waters [5]. Phenols have also been detected in groundwater and other drinking water sources recently [6], which is bound to disturb the production of drinking water and show the mutagenic potential [7,8]. Therefore, the development of methods and theory [9,10] for the removal of phenols from wastewater and drinking water has generated significant interests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm coupled with UV irradiation for phenol degradation and change of its community structure

Xia

Yan

Zhu

et al. 2011

Bioprocess Biosyst Eng

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The extensive use of phenol compounds and the inability to remove these compounds during wastewater treatment have resulted in the widespread occurrence of phenols in the natural environment. Phenols have been linked to serious risks to human and environmental health. Hence, the need to develop technologies that can effectively remove phenols from wastewater and source waters is a pressing challenge. In this study, light ceramic particles were immersed in activated sludge acclimated to degrade phenol, and microorganisms were allowed to attach to the particles surface to form biofilm. Then the ceramic particles with biofilm were moved into the photolytic circulating-bed biofilm reactor made of quartz glass, which was used for the degradation of phenol by three protocols: photolysis with UV light alone (P), biodegradation alone (B), and the two mechanisms operating simultaneously (photobiodegradation, P&B). The experimental results indicated that phenol removal rate was quickest by B experiment. However, P&B experiment gave more complete mineralization of phenol than that by other protocols. During P&B experiment, the microorganisms grown on porous ceramic carrier still kept the bioactivity degrading phenol, even under UV light irradiation. However, the dominant members of the bacterial community changed dramatically after the intimately coupled photobiodegradation, according to molecular biological analysis to the biofilm. Whereas Beijerinckia sp. was the dominant strain in the inoculum, it was replaced by Thauera sp. MZ1T that played a main role on degrading phenol during P&B experiment.

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“…9 Nos processos ex situ, a água é retirada do local contaminado e tratada por processos diversos (sistema pump-and-treat), dentre os que destacam alternativas físicas fundamentadas em adsorção, 10 processos biológicos envolvendo fungos 11 ou consórcios bacterianos específicos 12 e, mais recentemente, processos de oxidação química fundamentados na ação de radical hidroxila (processos oxidativos avançados, POAs). 13,14 Dentre os vários POAs estudados como alternativa de tratamento de águas, destaque deve ser dado aos processos foto-Fenton, 15 os quais têm demonstrado elevada capacidade de degradação de inúmeros poluentes ambientais, incluindo aqueles sabidamente resistentes frente a outras tecnologias de tratamento. Interessantes revisões relacionadas com o fundamento e as principais aplicações ambientais dos processos Fenton e foto-Fenton podem ser encontradas na literatura especializada, destacando-se o trabalho recentemente publicado por Nogueira e colaboradores.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…13,14 Dentre os vários POAs estudados como alternativa de tratamento de águas, destaque deve ser dado aos processos foto-Fenton, 15 os quais têm demonstrado elevada capacidade de degradação de inúmeros poluentes ambientais, incluindo aqueles sabidamente resistentes frente a outras tecnologias de tratamento. Interessantes revisões relacionadas com o fundamento e as principais aplicações ambientais dos processos Fenton e foto-Fenton podem ser encontradas na literatura especializada, destacando-se o trabalho recentemente publicado por Nogueira e colaboradores.…”

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Degradação de benzeno, tolueno e xilenos em águas contaminadas por gasolina, utilizando-se processos foto-Fenton

Tiburtius¹,

Peralta‐Zamora²,

Emmel³

2009

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 15/9/08; aceito em 24/4/09; publicado na web em 30/9/09 DEGRADATION OF BENZENE, TOLUENE AND XILENES IN GASOLINE-CONTAMINATED WATERS BY PHOTO-FENTON PROCESSES. In this work the potentiality of photo-Fenton processes were investigated toward the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons (BTXs) from water contaminated with gasoline. The main results demonstrated that BTXs can be quickly degraded by photo-Fenton process assisted by solar or artificial UV-A radiation, degradation that leads to generation of characteristic phenolic transient species (ie. phenol, hydroquinone and catechol). In the treatment of contaminated water by photo-Fenton processes assisted by solar light, complete BTXs removal was observed in reaction times of about 5 min. Mineralization of about 90% was also observed by applying a multiple H 2 O 2 addition system. Keywords: BTXs; photo-Fenton; gasoline-contaminated water. INTRODUÇÃOEpisódios de contaminação envolvendo hidrocarbonetos de petró-leo são relatados com bastante frequência, principalmente em função dos também frequentes acidentes envolvendo transporte e estocagem de combustíveis.1,2 Nos Estados Unidos, por exemplo, estima-se que 35% dos tanques de armazenamento subterrâneo de gasolina e diesel apresentam problemas de vazamento, o que irremediavelmente resulta na contaminação de solos e águas subterrâneas. 3Dentro deste contexto, destaque deve ser dado a hidrocarbonetos aromáticos como benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xilenos (coletivamente conhecidos como BTEXs), espécies monoaromáticas de reconhecida toxicidade e elevada solubilidade em água. Em geral, admite-se que os BTEXs representem mais do que 50% da fração de hidrocarbonetos solúveis da gasolina, 4 característica que, junto com a sua reduzida adsorção em matrizes de solo, 5 favorece a sua mobilização nos sítios contaminados.Recentemente, a contaminação de águas subterrâneas por combustíveis com elevado teor de álcool tem sido apontada como um problema ambiental emergente, 3 principalmente em função de este aditivo facilitar, por efeito cossolvente, a mobilização dos hidrocarbonetos em solos contaminados por derramamento. Em geral, estima-se que a adição de 10% de álcool (etílico ou metílico) favorece largamente a solubilização de benzeno e tolueno em água, com efeitos menos significativos para etilbenzeno e xilenos.3 Trata-se de uma observação que permite prever um potencial poluente ainda maior para a gasolina comercializada no Brasil, a qual é aditivada com cerca de 25% de etanol.Em função da elevada toxicidade dos BTEXs e da consequente diversidade de efeitos deletérios provocados nos ecossistemas contaminados, a procura por sistemas de remediação apresenta-se extremamente relevante. Neste sentido, é importante salientar que processos de remediação podem ser implementados em três diferentes linhas de atuação. São estas: prevenção de episódios de contaminação; tratamento de solos contaminados e, tratamento de águas contaminadas.Em função da precária fiscalização, a implementação da primeira alternativa é extremamente d...

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Effectiveness of UV-based advanced oxidation processes for the remediation of hydrocarbon pollution in the groundwater: A laboratory investigation

Cited by 72 publications

References 22 publications

Testing of the KRIA Ionizing Water Treatment System for Waters Contaminated with Diesel, PCBs, and Nutrients (Nitrogen Forms)

Testing of the KRIA Ionizing Water Treatment System for Waters Contaminated with Diesel, PCBs, and Nutrients (Nitrogen Forms)

Biofilm coupled with UV irradiation for phenol degradation and change of its community structure

Degradação de benzeno, tolueno e xilenos em águas contaminadas por gasolina, utilizando-se processos foto-Fenton

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