Effectiveness of voir dire as a safeguard in eyewitness cases.

Narby, Douglas J.; Cutler, Brian L.

doi:10.1037/0021-9010.79.5.724

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In addition, people can be excused through “peremptory” challenges, which permit attorneys to excuse a limited number of people at their discretion without providing a reason. Jury selection at this courthouse stage has received some empirical attention; however, the focus is typically on how challenges affect litigants ' interests in an unbiased jury and the representativeness of juries (see, e.g., Finkelstein & Levin 1997; Johnson & Haney 1994; Jones 1987; Kerr et al 1991; Narby & Cutler 1994; Nietzel & Dillehay 1982; Seltzer et al 1991; Zeisel & Diamond 1978). Although these are important questions, we know little of how individual jurors themselves view the selection process, which means we do not know how this conscripted group regards their experience of jury participation.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Dutiful Voice: Justice in the Distribution of Jury Service

Rose¹

2005

Law Soc Rev

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Jury service in the United States is both compulsory and yet distributed to some but not others in a nonsystematic way. Concerns about unfairness in this distribution system have led to legal changes; however, there is still little empirical information on how jurors view the jury selection process. This study considers jury selection in terms of participants' perceptions of procedural and distributive justice. I argue that justice in this setting is related to areas of conflict between the decision maker and the prospective jurors, especially over privacy protection, despite strong rhetoric that jurors minimize their own preferences and rights in this setting. Data from interviews of 194 formerly excused and selected jurors support this contention.

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confidence: 99%

A Dutiful Voice: Justice in the Distribution of Jury Service

Rose¹

2005

Law Soc Rev

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“…Participants' scores from the Narby and Cutler (1994) measure were combined into a single score reflecting attitudes toward eyewitness memory (α = .80).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the attitudes-toward-DNA-evidence scale (see Lieberman et al 2008, for the complete scale), participants rated their agreement with statements such as "DNA is the most reliable type of physical evidence we have today" and "[i]f a defendant's DNA matches DNA left at the crime scene, then the defendant is guilty," on a scale from 1 (very strongly disagree) to 10 (very strongly agree). For the attitudes-toward-eyewitness scale (see Narby and Cutler 1994, for the complete scale), participants rated their agreement with statements such as "[t]he strongest evidence is provided by eyewitnesses" and "[e]yewitnesses generally give accurate testimony in trials," on the same scale.…”

Section: Juror Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scores for impressions of the defendant's character were reversecoded when appropriate, such that higher scores reflected more positive impressions. Finally, participants answered questions (adapted from Lieberman et al 2008) about their attitudes toward DNA evidence and questions about eyewitness memory (Narby and Cutler 1994). For the attitudes-toward-DNA-evidence scale (see Lieberman et al 2008, for the complete scale), participants rated their agreement with statements such as "DNA is the most reliable type of physical evidence we have today" and "[i]f a defendant's DNA matches DNA left at the crime scene, then the defendant is guilty," on a scale from 1 (very strongly disagree) to 10 (very strongly agree).…”

Section: Juror Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

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Beyond Frequency: Perceived Realism and theCSIEffect

Maeder

Corbett

2015

Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice

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Bien que policiers, avocats, juges, voire certains membres de la communauté, croient que les émissions télévisées de type CSI ont eu un impact important sur le système de justice pénale (impact nommé « l'effet CSI »), des recherches empiriques n'ont pas démontré de lien entre l'écoute d'émissions policières et les verdicts. La littérature a néanmoins établi que de hauts taux d'écoute d'émissions policières sont liés à de plus grandes attentes concernant les preuves, différentes attitudes face aux types de preuves et différents niveaux (rapportés par les personnes elles-mêmes) de compréhension des preuves scientifiques. Cette étude tente d'élargir notre compréhension de l'influence de ce type d'émissions sur les attitudes, les attentes et les verdicts en examinant l'influence du réalisme apparent (c.-à-d. le degré auquel les émissions de télévision sont perçues comme étant des représentations réalistes et exactes du domaine dépeint) dans ce contexte, étant donné que certaines études ont identifié le réalisme apparent comme étant un modérateur des effets de la télévision sur les attitudes. Les participants durent jouer le rôle de faux jurés et lire la transcription d'un procès où la Couronne présentait des preuves génétiques. Les participants devaient aussi indiquer la fréquence à laquelle ils regardaient des émissions policières (fréquence) ainsi que le taux de réalisme dont ils croyaient que ces émissions faisaient preuve (réalisme apparent). Les résultats ont révélé plusieurs effets intéressants directs et indirects tant de la fréquence d'écoute que du réalisme apparent sur le traitement des renseignements, les attitudes et les prises de décision du faux juré. Ceci semble indiquer que, afin de bien comprendre l'effet que les émissions policières peuvent avoir sur des jurés potentiels, la fréquence d'écoute et le taux de réalisme apparent doivent être pris en compte.Mots clés : prise de décision du jury, l'effet CSI, perceptions des preuves médico-légales, perceptions des témoignages, réalisme apparent Although police, lawyers, judges, and even some community members believe that CSI-type shows have seriously affected the criminal justice system (termed the CSI effect), empirical research has not demonstrated a link between crime television viewing and verdicts. However, the literature has established that

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“…Moreover, research on the predictive utility of people's attitudes toward eyewitnesses is mixed at best. For example, one study found that mock-jurors' attitudes toward eyewitnesses were not significantly correlated with their perceptions of defendant culpability in a case involving eyewitness identification evidence (Narby & Cutler, 1994). And, because the defense is restricted to striking only a small number of potential jurors, the voir dire safeguard assumes that the propensity for jurors to be unwilling or unable to scrutinize eyewitnesses is applicable to only a small fraction of jurors.…”

Section: Insufficiency Of Legal Safeguardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-feedback eyewitness statements: proposed safeguard against feedback effects on evaluations of eyewitness testimony

Smalarz¹

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Effectiveness of voir dire as a safeguard in eyewitness cases.

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

A Dutiful Voice: Justice in the Distribution of Jury Service

A Dutiful Voice: Justice in the Distribution of Jury Service

Beyond Frequency: Perceived Realism and theCSIEffect

Pre-feedback eyewitness statements: proposed safeguard against feedback effects on evaluations of eyewitness testimony

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