Effectiveness Oral Theophylline, Piracetam, and Iron Treatments in Children With Simple Breath-Holding Spells

Dai, Alper; Demiryürek, Abdullah Tuncay

doi:10.1177/0883073819871854

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…We observed that our sample included more girls than boys, and rates of complete remission with iron therapy were also higher in girls. Previous studies have reported a male predominance (8) or no significant sex difference (2,3,10,11). The female predominance in the present study may be due to the sample selection.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

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Breath-holding Spells: Etiological Factors, Laboratory Findings, and Rates of Response to Iron Therapy

Hancı

Türay

Tirink

et al. 2021

Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi

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In this study, we aimed to investigate the etiological factors, electroencephalographic (EEG) findings, rates of response to iron therapy, and factors affecting response to iron therapy in children diagnosed with breath-holding spells (BHS). Methods: The study included 136 children aged 1 to 48 months who received iron therapy after a BHS diagnosis at our pediatric neurology clinic between November 2015 and November 2019. Patient medical records (physical examination, laboratory and EEG findings, medical history, and effectiveness of iron therapy) were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Of all patents, 81 (59.6%) exhibited partial response (partial remission) to iron therapy (50% decrease in BHS frequency), 52 (39%) responded completely (complete remission), and 2 were unresponsive. Comparison of the patients with complete and partial remission revealed a higher rate of complete remission in girls. In addition, patients with complete remission had higher levels of hemoglobin, MCV, and ferritin than those with partial remission. Complete remission rates were also higher in patients with normal EEG findings. Conclusion: BHS in childhood is a benign, recurring, and non-epileptic disorder and its differentiation from epilepsy is important. Children with BHS respond well to iron therapy, which can be recommended even if the serum iron and ferritin levels are normal.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

“…Data on the genetic predisposition or family history of BHS may vary between countries. Studies from Turkey have reported similar figures (10,11).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Breath-holding Spells: Etiological Factors, Laboratory Findings, and Rates of Response to Iron Therapy

Hancı

Türay

Tirink

et al. 2021

Anadolu Kliniği Tıp Bilimleri Dergisi

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“…Both the average number of seizures and no seizure rates decreased statistically significantly as the period of use increased. However, a study was recently published reporting piracetam was not efficacious (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Katılma Nöbetlerinde Demir ve Pirasetam ile Anoksik Epileptik Nöbetlerde Levetirasetamın Etkinliği

Özgün

Akdeniz

Çelik

et al. 2023

Artuklu International Journal of Health Sciences

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Introduction: In this study, the patients diagnosed with breath holding spell (BHS) or anoxic epileptic seizures and initiated at least one out of iron or piracetam or levetiracetam therapies were evaluated. Material and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 194 BHS patients. Iron therapy was initiated in case of iron deficiency anemia or case of ferritin values under 12 ng/dl even if there was no anemia. The patients having no iron deficiency anemia, low ferritin and anoxic epileptic seizures were administered piracetam and the patients diagnosed with anoxic epileptic seizures were administered levetiracetam. Results: One hundred and eight patients (55.7%) were male. The mean age was 21.39±12.78 months. Iron therapy was initiated in 87 patients, piracetam to 96, and levetiracetam in 11 patients. Seizure numbers were manifestly decreased in all groups by the end of the first month after treatment concerning pretreatment levels (p<0.05). Conclusions: We determined that the spells were reduced or completely stopped in all groups. Levetiracetam seems to be considerably effective in patients developing anoxic epileptic seizures after BHS.

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“…If symptoms are severe, other drugs can be tried. Studies of treatment modalities are shown in Table 3 [ 73 - 84 ].…”

Section: Late Infancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Is it really a seizure? The challenge of paroxysmal nonepileptic events in young infants

Jung

Kang

2021

Clin Exp Pediatr

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Effectiveness Oral Theophylline, Piracetam, and Iron Treatments in Children With Simple Breath-Holding Spells

Cited by 10 publications

References 33 publications

Breath-holding Spells: Etiological Factors, Laboratory Findings, and Rates of Response to Iron Therapy

Breath-holding Spells: Etiological Factors, Laboratory Findings, and Rates of Response to Iron Therapy

Katılma Nöbetlerinde Demir ve Pirasetam ile Anoksik Epileptik Nöbetlerde Levetirasetamın Etkinliği

Is it really a seizure? The challenge of paroxysmal nonepileptic events in young infants

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