Effectivity of Camellia sinensis Extract with Nanochitosan to Fibroblast Amounts of Wistar Rats Gingival Wound Healing Process

Abstract

Green tea (Camellia sinensis) has high level of flavonoids which are proven to have anti-inflammatory activity. Effect of flavonoids can be enhanced by nano-chitosan capsulation as drug carrier. Chitosan is polysaccharide derived from crustacean shells that mostly used as matrix of various drugs and plant extracts. The aim of this study was to determine the effectivity of flavonoids in green tea extract in nanochitosan capsulation towards the number of fibroblasts on proliferative phase of gingival wound healing process. Green tea was extracted, encapsulated with nano-chitosan and then made into gel. Gingiva labial of 24 male white 3-month-old Wistar rats were wounded by punch biopsy (2 mm diameter), then were treated two times a day, and were divided randomly into four groups of topical gel applications: green tea extract gel encapsulated nano-chitosan, green tea extract gel, base gel as negative control, and NSAIDs gel as positive control, starting at 0 day until 7th day. At 5th and 7th day, three rats from each group were decapitated and the mandibular gingiva was taken in order to make histology slides with hematoxylin eosin staining. Under microscope, the number of fibroblasts were examined. The data were analysed using ANOVA test with 95% confidence level. The results showed that the number of fibroblasts on proliferative phase was significantly higher than control negative (p < 0.05) and has no significant differences (p > 0.05) with control positive. In conclusion, topical application of green tea extract gel encapsulated nano-chitosan was effective to accelerate rats gingival wound healing process by increasing the fibroblasts.

Effectiveness of mixed tea plant extract gel with chitosan on fibroblast cells after tooth extraction of Wistar rats

“…This research is in line with research by Bramanti et al, who found that Camellia sinensis extract gel can stimulate the creation of new tissue through the proliferation of fibroblasts and stimulate the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts which are responsible for the contraction of injury. 11 Various compounds in Camellia sinensis extract have many benefits in supporting the wound healing process to be faster, one of which is saponin, which is useful as an anti-inflammatory antioxidant and antimicrobial effect. The terpenoid in Camellia sinensis acts as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory.…”

“…The phenolic in Camellia sinensis has an important role as an antioxidant through the scavenging of hydroxyl radicals. 11,18,19…”

“…Camellia sinensis extract was independently produced by drying 400g of Camellia sinensis leaves and crushed to a size of 60 mesh, then maceration was carried out. 11 The first step was deproteination, demineralization, and finally deacetylation. 13 Preparation of the gel mixture extract of 1.2% Camellia sinensis and 1% chitosan was obtained by adding 1.2 g of Camellia sinensis extract then mixed with 2% CMC-Na gel base and 1% chitosan concentration.…”

“…10 A similar study conducted by Violetta, showed a concentration of 1.2% in green tea stimulated the formation of new tissue through the proliferation of fibroblasts. 11 Other studies conducted by Rahmitasari, chitosan with a concentration of 1% with high and low molecular weight applied after tooth extraction, is a growth factor that optimizes the production of cytokines, TGF-α, TGF-ß1, IL-6, and IL-8 that stimulate growth and trigger fibroblast cell proliferation throughout the wound treatment. 12 Both chitosan and green tea have a potent ability in accelerating wound healing in different mechanism.…”