Effects of 0.1 and 0.2 wt.% aluminium addition to zinc on the interdiffusion between zinc and iron at 400°C

Syahbuddin, Syahbuddin; Munroe, Paul; Laksmi, C.S.; Gleeson, Brian

doi:10.1016/s0921-5093(98)00641-8

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…(1) and (2), the I D ðlÞ obtained from the composition 2 is converted to its thickness l. In the galvannealing process, it is known that the Fe-Zn intermetallic compounds such as (FeZn 13 ) and 1 (FeZn 7 or FeZn 10 ) phases. 13) Although the linear absorption coefficient of the compound depends on its chemical composition, the coefficients for zinc and these Fe-Zn compounds were in the range from 108.9 to 110.1 cm À1 . In this study, it was assumed that they had the same linear absorption coefficients, and the coefficient for the phase (109.3 cm À1 ) was used.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…According to the binary phase diagram of Fe-Zn system, liquid zinc, , 1 and À (À 1 ) phases exist on steel substrate with layered structure during the heat treatment although the À phase was not observed in the heating period in this experiment. Since the phase has the largest interdiffusion coefficient in these compounds, 13,[15][16][17] it grows prior to others. It is considered that the prior growth of the phase causes the delay in the growth of 1 phase.…”

Section: Pure Zinc Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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<i>In-situ</i> Observation of Growth Behavior of Fe-Zn Intermetallic Compounds at Initial Stage of Galvannealing Process

Taniyama¹,

Arai²,

Takayama³

et al. 2004

Mater. Trans.

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In-situ observation was performed with X-ray diffraction technique using synchrotron radiation to reveal growth behavior of the Fe-Zn intermetallic compounds, the and 1 phases, at the initial stage of galvannealing process. The galvanized sample and electroplated sample were used in the observation. The diffraction peak profiles were successfully obtained at intervals of 1 second with heating the sample, and the growth of the Fe-Zn intermetallic compounds was observed dynamically. In the galvanized sample including a small amount of aluminum in the coating, there was an incubation period of 7 seconds before the 1 phase started to grow. The thickness estimated with the peak intensity of the 1 phase increased in proportion to the square root of heating time when the incubation period was taken into account. In the electroplated sample including no aluminum in the coating, the thickness of phase increased in proportion to the square root of heating time. The 1 phase started to grow as soon as the phase occupied the entire coating. The thickness of the 1 phase also increased in proportion to the square root of heating time. These results suggest that that the growth behavior of the 1 phase at the initial stage of galvannealing is dominated by the interdiffusion between Fe and Zn, neither by interfacial reaction nor by autocatalytic reaction whether the coating contains aluminum or not.

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Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Pure Zinc Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

<i>In-situ</i> Observation of Growth Behavior of Fe-Zn Intermetallic Compounds at Initial Stage of Galvannealing Process

Taniyama¹,

Arai²,

Takayama³

et al. 2004

Mater. Trans.

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“…To obtain high-quality coatings, some alloy elements are added to the zinc bath. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Aluminum is one of the most important elements in galvanizing. Virtually all galvanizing baths contain aluminum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In that process, a very thin ''inhibition'' layer of Fe 2 Al 5 forms at the steel-coating interface and acts as a barrier between the steel and molten zinc, preventing the formation of iron-zinc compounds. [7][8][9][10][11] Lower (less than 0.005 wt.%) of aluminum are used in general galvanizing, the main reason for adding aluminum to the general galvanizing bath is to brighten the coating surface and reduce oxidation of Zn. [11] To satisfy the demands for coating's better corrosionresistance and oxidation-resistance at elevated temperatures, higher levels of aluminum are added into Zn bath.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Equilibria of the Al-Co-Zn System at 450 °C

Zhao

Yin

et al. 2011

J. Phase Equilib. Diffus.

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The 450°C isothermal section of the Al-Co-Zn ternary system was determined experimentally by means of scanning electronic microscopy coupled with wave dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and x-ray powder diffraction. Nine three-phase regions have been confirmed experimentally. The liquid phase is in equilibrium with all Al-Co compounds except Al 3 Co. The maximum solubility of Zn in AlCo, Al 5 Co 2 , Al 9 Co 2 and Al 13 Co 4 is 8. 76, 18.14, 1.24, 8.97 at.%, respectively. The Al solubility in the Co-Zn compounds (c 2 , c 1 , c, b 1 ) is very small, no more than 0.14, 0.28, 0.32, and 0.62 at.%, respectively. No true ternary compound was found in the present study.

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“…[14][15][16] One study [14,15] considers zinc to be the primary diffusing species, but it is established that the primary diffusion mechanism is the movement of iron from the steel substrate to the coating in the Fe-Zn system. [17] Though the models mentioned previously predict the trends of growth kinetics of various phases, they fail to predict kinetics of the growth of the different iron-zinc phases for practical applications. Shimozaki et al [18] used the forward-finite difference scheme, whereas Chakkingal et al [19,20] applied a more rigorous and widely used variable grid spacing [21] method to study the growth behavior of various phases during the galvannealing process.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Galvannealing Parameters through Numerical Modeling of Galvannealing Process

Verma

Chandra

Bandyopadhyay

et al. 2009

Metall Mater Trans A

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In the galvannealing process, a galvanized sheet is subjected to an annealing treatment to transform the zinc-coated steel sheet to iron-zinc alloy-coated steel. In the present work, the galvannealing process has been treated as a binary multiphase diffusional phase transformation reaction, and a rigorous mathematical model has been developed to simulate the galvannealing process. The results obtained by the model have been compared with experimental as well as plant data, and the results have been found to be in good agreement. The model prediction shows that the excessive growth of undesirable C and C 1 phases takes place when the iron content in the coating exceeds around 11 pct during galvannealing. It has also been observed that decreasing the line speed to obtain the desired iron content in the coating leads to excessive growth of the undesirable C and C 1 phases. It has been concluded that the developed mathematical model can be used to optimize the galvannealing parameters.

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Effects of 0.1 and 0.2 wt.% aluminium addition to zinc on the interdiffusion between zinc and iron at 400°C

Cited by 38 publications

References 7 publications

<i>In-situ</i> Observation of Growth Behavior of Fe-Zn Intermetallic Compounds at Initial Stage of Galvannealing Process

<i>In-situ</i> Observation of Growth Behavior of Fe-Zn Intermetallic Compounds at Initial Stage of Galvannealing Process

Phase Equilibria of the Al-Co-Zn System at 450 °C

Optimization of Galvannealing Parameters through Numerical Modeling of Galvannealing Process

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