Effects of 12-step mutual support and professional outpatient services on short-term substance use outcomes among adults who received inpatient treatment

Costello, Mary Jean; Li, Yao; Remers, Shannon; MacKillop, James; Sousa, Sarah; Ropp, Courtney; Roth, Don; Weiss, Mark A.; Rush, Brian

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106055

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…On the other hand, our findings may indicate that mutual aid groups help develop and sustain these resources. The latter explanation is in line with theories and emerging evidence around mutual aid (Costello et al, 2019;Humphreys, 2004;Kaskutas, 2009;Kelly et al, 2020;White, 2009).…”

Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 80%

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Are members of mutual aid groups better equipped for addiction recovery? European cross-sectional study into recovery capital, social networks, and commitment to sobriety

Martinelli

Mheen

Best

et al. 2020

Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy

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An increasing body of evidence shows that informal mutual aid groups benefit those in addiction recovery. However, attention for mutual aid groups in practice and policy varies internationally and is only recently emerging in continental Europe. Existing evidence is mostly limited to studies of Alcoholics Anonymous groups in the United States. The aim of this cross-sectional study is to examine the relationship between membership of a variety of mutual aid groups and recovery capital, participation in social networks and commitment to sobriety for individuals in drug addiction recovery (N=367), living in the UK, the Netherlands and Belgium. A convenience sample of participants completed an extensive assessment about their recovery experiences. 69% of participants reported lifetime (ever) membership of different mutual aid groups. Analyses reveal that membership of mutual aid groups is strongly associated with more participation and (self-reported) changes in social networks, greater levels of recovery capital, and a stronger commitment to sobriety. The findings suggest that participation in mutual aid groups may support addiction recovery through multiple mechanisms of change in favor of recovery. These findings highlight how mutual aid support may complement formal addiction treatment.

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Section: Limitationssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Recognition of the benefits of attending mutual aid groups is well established and evidence is expanding (Best, Manning, Allsop, & Lubman, 2020;Costello et al, 2019;Humphreys, 2004;Kaskutas, 2009;Kelly, Humphreys, & Ferri, 2020). Moreover, it is becoming clearer how mutual aid groups can be beneficial for recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are members of mutual aid groups better equipped for addiction recovery? European cross-sectional study into recovery capital, social networks, and commitment to sobriety

Martinelli

Mheen

Best

et al. 2020

Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy

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“…For the primary outcome of retention in care, a majority of study participants were retained by six months, half of whom (7/14) were enrolled early in the course of establishing care with the OBOT clinic, a critical point in recovery when patients are often at highest risk of relapse and/or disengaging in care [ 39 , 40 ]. Participants for this cohort were identified as high risk for early disengagement, and previously identified thresholds for acceptable retention in treatment (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six-month outcomes of the HOPE smartphone application designed to support treatment with medications for opioid use disorder and piloted during an early statewide COVID-19 lockdown

Hodges

Waselewski

Harrington

et al. 2022

Addict Sci Clin Pract

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Background Morbidity and mortality related to opioid use disorder (OUD) in the U.S. is at an all-time high. Innovative approaches are needed to address gaps in retention in treatment with medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD). Mobile health (mHealth) approaches have shown improvement in engagement in care and associated clinical outcomes for a variety of chronic diseases, but mHealth tools designed specifically to support patients treated with MOUD are limited. Methods Following user-centered development and testing phases, a multi-feature smartphone application called HOPE (Heal. Overcome. Persist. Endure) was piloted in a small cohort of patients receiving MOUD and at high risk of disengagement in care at an office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) clinic in Central Virginia. Outcomes were tracked over a six-month period following patient enrollment. They included retention in care at the OBOT clinic, usage of various features of the application, and self-rated measures of mental health, substance use, treatment and recovery. Results Of the 25 participants in the HOPE pilot study, a majority were retained in care at 6 months (56%). Uptake of bi-directional features including messaging with providers and daily check-ins of mood, stress and medication adherence peaked at one month, and usage persisted through the sixth month. Patients who reported that distance to clinic was a problem at baseline had higher loss to follow up compared to those without distance as a reported barrier (67% vs 23%, p = 0.03). Patients lost to in-person clinic follow up continued to engage with one or more app features, indicating that mHealth approaches may bridge barriers to clinic visit attendance. Participants surveyed at baseline and 6 months (N = 16) scored higher on scales related to overall self-control and self-efficacy related to drug abstinence. Conclusions A pilot study of a novel multi-feature smartphone application to support OUD treatment showed acceptable retention in care and patient usage at 6 months. Further study within a larger population is needed to characterize ‘real world’ uptake and association with outcomes related to retention in care, relapse prevention, and opioid-associated mortality.

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“…Common sources of this support are health professionals, rehabilitation programs, and 12-step programs like Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) or Narcotics Anonymous (NA). However, several barriers can prevent people from participating in these groups, like physical distance, lack of cultural similarity to peers, the stigma surrounding addiction, and a program's appeal [28,32,48,64]. As a result, many seek out less formal support communities through social networking platforms like Reddit or Facebook [39,67].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“I Will Not Drink With You Today”: A Topic-Guided Thematic Analysis of Addiction Recovery on Reddit

Gauthier

Costello

Wallace

2022

CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

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Recovery from addiction is a journey that requires a lifetime of support from a strong network of peers. Many people seek out this support through online communities, like those on Reddit. However, as these communities developed outside of existing aid groups and medical practice, it is unclear how they enable recovery. Their scale also limits researchers' ability to engage through traditional qualitative research methods. To study these groups, we performed a topic-guided thematic analysis that used machinegenerated topic models to purposively sample from two recovery subreddits: r/stopdrinking and r/OpiatesRecovery. We show that these communities provide access to an experienced and accessible support group whose discussions include consequences, reflections, and celebrations, but that also play a distinct metacommunicative role in supporting formal treatment. We discuss how these communities can act as knowledge sources to improve in-person recovery support and medical practice, and how computational techniques can enable HCI researchers to study communities at scale. CCS CONCEPTS• Human-centered computing → Empirical studies in collaborative and social computing; User studies; • Computing methodologies → Machine learning.

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Effects of 12-step mutual support and professional outpatient services on short-term substance use outcomes among adults who received inpatient treatment

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Are members of mutual aid groups better equipped for addiction recovery? European cross-sectional study into recovery capital, social networks, and commitment to sobriety

Are members of mutual aid groups better equipped for addiction recovery? European cross-sectional study into recovery capital, social networks, and commitment to sobriety

Six-month outcomes of the HOPE smartphone application designed to support treatment with medications for opioid use disorder and piloted during an early statewide COVID-19 lockdown

“I Will Not Drink With You Today”: A Topic-Guided Thematic Analysis of Addiction Recovery on Reddit

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