Effects of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl on the dynamics of vitamin A in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and intestinal retinoid concentrations in lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens)

Abstract

A single i.p. injection of 5 pg 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCBP)/g body mass in adult brook trout (IFkB&ve&inus fontinadis) resulted in decreased (p < 0.0001) growth rate despite pair feeding. Plasma retinol decreased (p < 0.0037). Intestinal retinyl palmitate (RP) and 3,4-dehydroretinyl palmitate (DRP) concentrations decreased in TCBP-injected males (RP, p < 0.0143; DWP, p < 0.0009), whereas retinoid levels did mot decrease significantly in TCBP-injected females. The RP:DRP ratio in trout liver increased (p < O.OOOl)B These results suggested that DRB is more sensitive than RP to the effects of K B P . No significant differences in ovarian retinoids occurred in post-spawning trout. Field validation of the effects on intestinal retinoids was conducted with lake sturgeon (Aeipenserfudveseens) caught at a contaminated site on the Des Prairies River wear MontrCal (Strn Lawrence River population) and reference sturgeon taken from a site near the origin of the Ottawa River in Laverendrye Park. Intestinal retinoid concentrations were lower (RP, p < 0.0008; DWP, p < 0.0004) in the St. Lawrence River sturgeon.Our results demonstrate that a coplanar PCB is capable of altering vitamin A dynamics in several tissues and organs, and may cause a lowering of retinoids in the intestine.RCsamC : Ume injection i.p. de 3,3',4,4'-tCtrachlorobiphCnyle (TCBP), 5 pg/g de poids corporel, a entrain6 une rCductiom (p < 0.0001) du taux de croissance chez 190mble de fontaine (Salvelinus fonbina&is), malgrC le fait que les groupes tCmoins et traitCs avaient consommC la mCme quantitC de noun-iture par p.c. Le rktinol plasmatique a diminuC (p < 0,0037). Les niveaux de palmitate de rCtinol (RP) et de 3,4-dCshydrorCtiny% palmitate (DRP) dans %es intestins des miiles traitCs ont diminuC (RP, p < 0,0143; DRP, p < 00,0009), contrairement aux femelles tmitCes dont les niveaux de rCtinoi'des n90nt pas diminuC. Le rapport RP:DRP dans le foie a augment6 (p < 0,0001). Ces rCsultats suggkrent que le DRP est plus sensible que le RP quant aux effets du TCBP. Les concentrations des rCtino'ides ovariens n'ont pas Ct C affectCes. Les effets du TCBP sur les rCtino'ides intestinaux ont fait l'objet dkne validation sur le terrain avec les estuageons jaunes (AcipenserfuIvescens) captures dans un site contamin6 de la aivikre des Prairies, pr$s de MontrCal (population du fleuve Saint-Laurent), et dans un site rkfbrence sur la rivi6re des Outaouais, dam le parc LaVCrendrye. Les concentrations des rCtinoYdes iwtestinaux Ctaient plus faibles (RP, p < 0,0808; DRP, p < 0,0004) chez les esturgeons du site contaxnine. Nos rCsultats dCmontrent la capacitC d'un BPC coplane d'affecter la dynamique de la vitamine A dans plusieurs tissus et organes, entre autres les intestins.A. Ndayibagira, Me-J. ClouUiere Labsratoire TOXEN and DCpartement des Sciences biologiques,

A Review of Chemically-Induced Alterations in Thyroid and Vitamin a Status From Field Studies of Wildlife and Fish

“…Decreased liver retinoid stores had been previously documented in adult white sucker and in lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) captured near Montreal (Spear et al, 1992;Branchaud et al, 1995). Lower levels of intestinal retinoids (retinyl palmitate and dehydroretinyl palmitate) were also found in lake sturgeon captured near Montreal (Ndayibagira et al, 1994). When compared to a reference population at a relatively uncontaminated site on the same river, laboratory-raised larvae from fish collected at the Montreal site had very low hepatic stores of retinol and retinyl palmitate.…”

“…Exposure of adult brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) to a single intraperitoneal injection of PCB 77 decreased plasma retinol and intestinal retinoids in males (Ndayibagira et al, 1994). Oral exposure to the coplanar PCB 126 (3, 3Ј,4,4Ј,5-pentachlorobiphenyl) resulted in decreased liver retinoids in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) (Palace and Brown, 1994).…”

Reintroduction of Lake Sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) into the St. Regis River, NY: Post- Release Assessment of Habitat Use and Growth

“…Among larvae raised in an artificial stream, prevalence of fin deformities was highly significantly greater in the progeny of lake sturgeon sampled in Des Prairies River (6.3%) compared with the progeny of lake sturgeon from the reference site (1.7%) [Doyon et al 1999]. Concentrations of liver and intestine retinoids were also found to be significantly lower (as much as 40 times lower) in the Des Prairies River sample (Doyon et al 1998(Doyon et al , 1999Ndayibagira et al 1995).…”

“…As the lake sturgeon is a benthic species, fish often are exposed to high contaminant loads. Individuals exposed to systems with high contaminant loads compared to noncontaminated systems had lower retinoids than fish in non-contaminated systems (Ndayibagira et al 1995).…”

Alterations in retinoid status after long-term exposure to PBDEs in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

“…Therefore, decreased RE contents in the intestine would cause fewer REs to be released into the blood circulation for liver storage. A previous study showed that the injection of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) caused a significant decrease of intestinal retinyl ester contents in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) (Ndayibagira et al, 1995).…”