Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane production using the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec)

Romero-Pérez, Atmir; Okine, E. K.; Guan, Leluo; Duval, S.; Kindermann, Maik; Beauchemin, K. A.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2015.09.002

Cited by 27 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…In a study by Romero-Perez et al 2014, a highforage diet supplemented with increasing levels of 3-NOP (about 0, 40, 120, and 250 mg/kg dietary DM) linearly increased rumen pH. In a RUSITEC study by Romero-Perez et al (2015a), rumen pH increased with increasing inclusion rate of 3-NOP in a high-forage diet (about 0, 83, 165, 333 mg/kg dietary DM). One study with dairy cows observed increased rumen pH when 3-NOP was pulse-dosed into the rumen at about 120 mg/kg dietary DM (Reynolds et al, 2014).…”

Section: Experiments 1: High-forage Dietmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The possible explanation for decreased DMI is the concomitant increase in rumen propionate concentration, which potentially leads to reduced feed intake (Allen et al, 2009;Vyas et al, 2016). In addition, an increase in rumen pH and decrease in total VFA concentration has often been observed in animals fed 3-NOP (Reynolds et al, 2014;Romero-Perez et al, 2015a;Vyas et al, 2018a). An increase in rumen pH is assumed to occur due to decreased total VFA concentration and changes in proportion of acetate and propionate were often explained by increases in H 2 production in the rumen (Lopes et al, 2016;Vyas et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane production, rumen fermentation, and feeding behavior in beef cattle fed a high-forage or high-grain diet1

Kim

Lee

Pechtl

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Science

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The objective of the study was to determine whether feeding a diet supplemented with 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) affects feeding behavior altering intake and rumen fermentation. Two experiments were conducted with 9 rumen-cannulated beef steers in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design where animals received a high-forage or high-grain diet. Treatments were 1) a basal diet (CON), the CON diet supplemented with 3-NOP (dNOP; 100 mg/kg in dietary DM or 1 g/d), or the CON diet with 3-NOP (1 g/d) infused into the rumen (infNOP). Each experimental period consisted of 14-d diet adaptation and 7-d sample collection. A 7-d washout period was provided between experiment periods. All data were analyzed as a Latin square design using Mixed Procedure of SAS. In Exp. 1 (high-forage diet), methane yield (measured by the Greenfeed system) was lowered by 18% (18.6 vs. 22.7 g/kg DMI; P < 0.01) by dNOP compared with CON. Rumen fermentation was altered similarly by both NOP treatments compared with CON where dNOP and infNOP increased (P < 0.01) rumen pH at 3 h and decreased (P < 0.01) proportion of acetate in total VFA. However, DMI, feed consumption rate (0 to 3, 3 to 6, 6 to 12, and 12 to 24 h after feeding), particle size distribution of orts, and feeding behavior (videotaped for individual animals over 48 h) were not affected by dNOP and infNOP compared with CON. In Exp. 2 (high-grain diet), methane production was not affected by dNOP or infNOP compared with CON. Dry matter intake, feed consumption rate, particle size distribution of orts, and feeding behavior were not altered by dNOP and infNOP compared with CON. However, both dNOP and infNOP affected rumen fermentation where total VFA decreased (P = 0.04) and acetate proportion in total VFA tended to decrease (P = 0.07) compared with CON. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 3-NOP did not affect feeding behavior of beef steers fed a high-forage or high-grain diet. However, rumen fermentation was similarly changed when 3-NOP was provided in the diet or directly infused in the rumen. Thus, observed changes in rumen fermentation with 3-NOP were not due to changes in feeding behavior indicating no effects on the organoleptic property of the diets. In addition, according to small or no changes in DMI in both experiments and relatively small changes in rumen fermentation in Exp. 2, a greater dosage level of 3-NOP than 100 mg/kg (dietary DM) may need further examination of its effects on feeding behavior of beef cattle.

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Section: Experiments 1: High-forage Dietmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane production, rumen fermentation, and feeding behavior in beef cattle fed a high-forage or high-grain diet1

Kim

Lee

Pechtl

et al. 2019

Journal of Animal Science

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“…More recently, other researchers have observed 75–95% decreases in methane production during in vitro incubation of mixed populations of ruminal microbes treated with 0.05–0.66 μmol/mL ethyl-3-nitrooxy propionate or 3-nitrooxypropanol that suggests a greater potency of these more oxidized nitrocompounds (Martínez-Fernández et al, 2014 ; Romero-Pérez et al, 2015a ). In the Rusitec study of Romero-Pérez et al ( 2015a ), hydrogen recovery in volatile fatty acid products was increased approximately 13–14% due to 3-nitrooxypropanol treatment and hydrogen accumulations were increased more than 3-fold yet recovery of all of the reductant spared from methanogenesis was not achieved. These authors also speculated that formate could possibly be an unmeasured hydrogen sink, but the potential metabolism of the nitroxy compounds to reduced products has not been discussed.…”

Section: Nitrocompound Metabolism Within the Rumenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on Alterations to the Rumen Ecosystem by Nitrate and Nitrocompounds

Latham

Anderson

Pinchak³

et al. 2016

Front. Microbiol.

107

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Nitrate and certain short chain nitrocompounds and nitro-oxy compounds are being investigated as dietary supplements to reduce economic and environmental costs associated with ruminal methane emissions. Thermodynamically, nitrate is a preferred electron acceptor in the rumen that consumes electrons at the expense of methanogenesis during dissimilatory reduction to an intermediate, nitrite, which is primarily reduced to ammonia although small quantities of nitrous oxide may also be produced. Short chain nitrocompounds act as direct inhibitors of methanogenic bacteria although certain of these compounds may also consume electrons at the expense of methanogenesis and are effective inhibitors of important foodborne pathogens. Microbial and nutritional consequences of incorporating nitrate into ruminant diets typically results in increased acetate production. Unlike most other methane-inhibiting supplements, nitrate decreases or has no effect on propionate production. The type of nitrate salt added influences rates of nitrate reduction, rates of nitrite accumulation and efficacy of methane reduction, with sodium and potassium salts being more potent than calcium nitrate salts. Digestive consequences of adding nitrocompounds to ruminant diets are more variable and may in some cases increase propionate production. Concerns about the toxicity of nitrate's intermediate product, nitrite, to ruminants necessitate management, as animal poisoning may occur via methemoglobinemia. Certain of the naturally occurring nitrocompounds, such as 3-nitro-1-propionate or 3-nitro-1-propanol also cause poisoning but via inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase. Typical risk management procedures to avoid nitrite toxicity involve gradually adapting the animals to higher concentrations of nitrate and nitrite, which could possibly be used with the nitrocompounds as well. A number of organisms responsible for nitrate metabolism in the rumen have been characterized. To date a single rumen bacterium is identified as contributing appreciably to nitrocompound metabolism. Appropriate doses of the nitrocompounds and nitrate, singly or in combination with probiotic bacteria selected for nitrite and nitrocompound detoxification activity promise to alleviate risks of toxicity. Further studies are needed to more clearly define benefits and risk of these technologies to make them saleable for livestock producers.

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“…3-Nitrooxypropanol (NOP), developed by Duval and Kindermann (2012), is a structural analog of methyl coenzyme M that is believed to act as an inhibitor of the enzyme methyl coenzyme M reductase (MCR) during the last step of methanogenesis (Romero-Perez et al, 2014). It reduced CH 4 emissions in vitro (Romero-Perez et al, 2013) and in vivo using sheep (Martínez-Fernández et al, 2014), dairy cows (Haisan et al, 2013(Haisan et al, , 2014Reynolds et al, 2014), and beef cattle (Romero Perez et al, 2014). These studies report that the potential of NOP to reduce CH 4 corrected for DMI ranged from 6.7 to 59.6%, depending on the mode of providing NOP to the animals, that is, mixed with the feed, topdressed, or dosed directly into the rumen.…”

Section: Sustained Reduction In Methane Production From Long-term Addmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained reduction in methane production from long-term addition of 3-nitrooxypropanol to a beef cattle diet1

Romero-Pérez

Okine

McGinn

et al. 2015

Journal of Animal Science

Self Cite

103

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The objective was to evaluate whether long-term addition of 3-nitrooxypropanol (NOP) to a beef cattle diet results in a sustained reduction in enteric CH4 emissions in beef cattle. Eight ruminally cannulated heifers (637 ± 16.2 kg BW) were used in a completely randomized design with 2 treatments: Control (0 g/d of NOP) and NOP (2 g/d of NOP). Treatments were mixed by hand into the total mixed ration (60% forage, DM basis) at feeding time. Feed offered was restricted to 65% of ad libitum DMI (slightly over maintenance energy intake) and provided once per day. The duration of the experiment was 146 d, including an initial 18-d covariate period without NOP use; a 112-d treatment period with NOP addition to the diet, divided into four 28-d time intervals (d 1 to 28, 29 to 56, 57 to 84, and 85 to 112); and a final 16-d recovery period without NOP use. During the covariate period and at the end of each interval and the end of the recovery period, CH4 was measured for 3 d using whole animal metabolic chambers. The concentration of VFA was measured in rumen fluid samples collected 0, 3, and 6 h after feeding, and the microbial population was evaluated using rumen samples collected 3 h after feeding on d 12 of the covariate period, d 22 of each interval within the treatment period, and d 8 of the recovery period. Average DMI for the experiment was 7.04 ± 0.27 kg. Methane emissions were reduced by 59.2% when NOP was used (9.16 vs. 22.46 g/kg DMI; P < 0.01). Total VFA concentrations were not affected (P = 0.12); however, molar proportion of acetate was reduced and that for propionate increased when NOP was added (P < 0.01), which reduced the acetate to propionate ratio (3.0 vs. 4.0; P < 0.01). The total copy number of the 16S rRNA gene of total bacteria was not affected (P = 0.50) by NOP, but the copy number of the 16S rRNA gene of methanogens was reduced (P < 0.01) and the copy number of the 18S rRNA gene of protozoa was increased (P = 0.03). The residual effect of NOP for most of the variables studied was not observed or was minimal during the recovery period. These results demonstrated that the addition of NOP to a diet for beef cattle caused a sustained decrease of methanogenesis, with no sign of adaptation, and that these effects were reversed once NOP addition was discontinued

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Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on methane production using the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec)

Cited by 27 publications

References 50 publications

Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane production, rumen fermentation, and feeding behavior in beef cattle fed a high-forage or high-grain diet1

Effects of 3-nitrooxypropanol on enteric methane production, rumen fermentation, and feeding behavior in beef cattle fed a high-forage or high-grain diet1

Insights on Alterations to the Rumen Ecosystem by Nitrate and Nitrocompounds

Sustained reduction in methane production from long-term addition of 3-nitrooxypropanol to a beef cattle diet1

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