Effects of a beverage rich in (poly)phenols on established and novel risk markers for vascular disease in medically uncomplicated overweight or obese subjects: A four week randomized placebo-controlled trial

Abstract

Objective: To determine if (poly)phenols alter cardiovascular risk factors, we assessed the potential of a high (poly)phenol beverage drink, rich in hydroxycinnamates and flavonoids, to modify vascular function in middle aged, overweight or obese subjects without medical comorbidity in a randomized placebo controlled pilot study. Methods: Randomly assigned active 250ml beverages containing 361mg of (poly)phenols and 120mg of vitamin C or placebo (no polyphenol / vitamin C) were taken twice daily for 4 weeks. Both beverages contained 40 kcals/250 ml. The primary end-points were pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cutaneous microvascular responses to sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and acetyl choline (ACh) laser doppler iontophoresis. A range of established and novel plasma markers were also measured. Results:Twenty subjects received active beverage and 19 placebo; all completed the study. There was no difference in cutaneous vascular response to either SNP or ACh with mean group differences (log∆ area under perfusion curve) of 0.30 (-0.65, 1.26) and 0.35 (-0.11, 0.81) respectively. Nor was there evidence of a change in log PWV with a mean group difference of 0.029m/s (-0.042, 0.10). No significant differences were seen in plasma leptin, apolipoproteins, cystatin C, insulin, adiponectin, CRP, ICAM-1, E-Selectin or t-PA, but IL-6 increased in active versus placebo recipients (0.32 vs -0.18 pg/ml; p=0.010). Conculsion: There was no evidence for a short-term beneficial effect of (poly)phenol intervention on microcutaneous vascular response or pulse wave velocity, and no evidence for a benefit on established or novel risk factors in overweight or obese subjects. Our results do not support a short-term benefit of (poly)phenol supplementation on cardiometabolic risk. PWV pulse wave velocity; SNP sodium nitroprusside; ACh acetyl choline, HPLC-MS 2 high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Clinical Advances in Immunonutrition and Atherosclerosis: A Review

“…After assessing different inflammatory markers, the authors did not observe any change in the circulating levels of TNF-α, IL-6, or CRP. In addition, Mullan et al (64) found no short-term evidence (4 weeks) that consumption of a beverage with a high polyphenol content and supplementation with vitamin C provided any benefits in traditional or novel risk factors in overweight or obese subjects. Moreover, in a crossover study, Gutierrez et al (65) did not find significant changes in the lipid profile, markers of oxidative stress (oxLDL, non-esterified fatty acids, NEFAs) inflammation (CRP, adiponectin, IL-6) or hypercoagulability (PAI-1 and fibrinogen) after treatment with different doses of vitamin C for 2-weeks.…”

Dietary intake of omega fatty acids and polyphenols and its relationship with the levels of inflammatory markers in men with chronic coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention

“…Besides, no significant differences were seen in the plasma levels of leptin, apolipoproteins, cystatin C, insulin, adiponectin, CRP, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, E -selectin, or tissue plasminogen activator, but the IL-6 level increased in active versus placebo recipients (0.32 pg/ml vs 0.18 pg/ml; P = 0.01). 39 Quercetin was reported to reduce CRP expression in mice, although this finding has not been verified in clinical trials. 40 Using the PLR for monitoring anti -inflammatory effects of a diet is a novel approach, but it is also in line with a recent systematic review by Kurtul and Ornek including 111 studies, 41 which provided evidence for the association of the PLR with CVD and its possible use as a prognostic marker of CVD.…”

Analysis of the intricate effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids and polyphenols on inflammatory pathways in health and disease

“…Thus, Soltani et al examined the effects of a Vaccinium arctostaphylosfruit extract on hyperlipidemic adult patients and even if no significant effects were observed regarding HDL and CRP, a significant reduction of total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was obtained (Soltani et al, 2014). Furthermore, Mullan et al showed that administering a vitamin C and polyphenol-rich beverage didn't induce a reduction of metabolic or inflammatory markers (apolipoproteins, CRP, ICAM-1, E-selectin) (Mullan et al, 2016).…”