Effects of a bleaching agent with calcium on bovine enamel

Alexandrino, Larissa Dias; Gomes, Yasmin do Socorro Batista de Lima; Alves, Eliane Bemerguy; Costi, Hilton Túlio; Rogez, Hervé; Silva, Cecy Martins

doi:10.4103/1305-7456.137634

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The manufacturer suggests that calcium is intended to minimize the enamel demineralization process. Studies have reported that adding calcium into the bleaching agents prevents changes in enamel hardness and morphology without reducing bleaching efficacy, in vitro (25). There are some limitations to be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ and In Vitro Effects of Two Bleaching Treatments on Human Enamel Hardness

Henn-Donassollo¹,

Fabris²,

Gagiolla³

et al. 2016

Braz. Dent. J.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in situ the effects of two bleaching treatments on human enamel surface microhardness. Sixty enamel slabs from recently extracted thirty molars were used. The specimens were polished with sandpapers under water-cooling. The enamel samples were randomly divided in four groups, treated with 10% hydrogen peroxide (HP) or Whitening Strips (WS) containing 10% hydrogen peroxide and using two conditions: in vitro or in situ model. For in situ condition, six volunteers wore an intra-oral appliance containing enamel slabs, while for in vitro condition the specimens were kept in deionized water after the bleaching protocols. The bleaching treatments were applied one-hour daily for 14 days. Similar amounts of bleaching agents were used in both conditions. Before and after bleaching treatments, microhardness was measured. Statistical analysis (ANOVA and Tukey test) showed that in the in situ condition there was no statistically significant microhardness reduction in the bleached enamel (p>0.05). Significant decrease in hardness was observed for enamel slabs bleached with both treatments in the in vitro condition (p<0.05). Regarding the bleaching agents, in situ results showed no difference between HP and WS, while in vitro WS produced the lowest hardness value. It could be concluded that there was no deleterious effect on enamel produced by any of the bleaching protocols used in the in situ model. The reduction of hardness was only observed in vitro.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ and In Vitro Effects of Two Bleaching Treatments on Human Enamel Hardness

Henn-Donassollo¹,

Fabris²,

Gagiolla³

et al. 2016

Braz. Dent. J.

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“…Considering the pH level effect, Alexandrino et al .,[ 28 ] in 2014, reported that the use of an HP based gel capable of a 7.0 pH maintenance didn’t affect the enamel microhardness, but under SEM evaluation, none of the tested gels caused morphological changes over the specimens´ surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do different bleaching protocols affect the enamel microhardness?

Mondelli

Gabriel²,

Rizzante

et al. 2015

Eur J Dent

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Objective:Tooth bleaching tends to increase enamel roughness and porosity, in addition to reducing surface microhardness. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of bleaching treatments using different hydrogen peroxide (HP) concentrations, with and without light activation on bovine enamel microhardness.Materials and Methods:The buccal surfaces of sixty bovine incisors were flattened and polished and the enamel specimens were divided into six groups: G1 : c0 ontrol, exposed to artificial saliva; G2: 35% HP applied in two sessions (45’ each); G3: 35% HP applied in two sessions (3 × 15’ each); G4: 35% HP applied in one session (3 × 7’30”) plus hybrid light (HL); G5: 25% HP applied in one session (3 × 7’30”) plus HL; and G6: 15% HP applied in one session (3 × 7’30”) plus HL. After the treatment, the enamel specimens were stored in artificial saliva. The surface microhardness (Knoop) was measured at the baseline, 24 h and 7 days after bleaching. The data was analyzed using the ANOVA test, followed by the Tukey–Krummer test (P < 0.05).Results:All bleaching procedures lead to a decrease in surface microhardness when compared with the control group after 24 h. The lowest change in surface microhardness was found in the specimens treated with 15% HP plus HL. However, 35% HP plus HL induced the highest decrease in surface microhardness. After 7 days of remineralization, the surface microhardness returned to normal levels for all bleached specimens.Conclusion:Therefore, it can be concluded that the bleaching protocols caused a slight enamel surface alteration. However, the remineralization process minimized these effects.

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“…Hydrogen peroxide at high concentrations must not come into contact with soft oral tissues, and patients have reported both severe and mild tooth hypersensitivity during and after bleaching. [ 1 2 3 4 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of peroxide bleaching on the biaxial flexural strength and modulus of bovine dentin

et al. 2015

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Objective:This study evaluated the effects of carbamide peroxide and hydrogen peroxide on the biaxial flexural strength and flexural modulus of bovine dentin.Materials and Methods:Thirty coronal dentin disks (0.5 mm thick × 6.0 mm diameter) were prepared from bovine teeth. The disks were randomly divided into three groups (n=10): A control group (unbleached), a group bleached with 10% carbamide peroxide (8 h at 37°C), and a group bleached with 38% hydrogen peroxide (three 10 min applications at 37°C). The specimens were tested in a biaxial flexural apparatus held in a universal testing machine at 1.27 mm/min until failure occurred, and the biaxial mechanical properties were calculated. For each test parameter, the data were statistically analyzed by Fisher's PLSD test (predetermined α = 0.05).Results:The group bleached with 38% hydrogen peroxide demonstrated significantly lower flexural strength than the unbleached control group. Hydrogen peroxide treatment resulted in a significantly lower flexural modulus compared with the control group and with carbamide peroxide bleaching.Conclusion:Exposure of dentin to hydrogen peroxide significantly reduced both the flexural strength and the flexural modulus compared with the no-treatment control, whereas exposure to carbamide peroxide did not significantly affect either parameter.

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Effects of a bleaching agent with calcium on bovine enamel

Cited by 23 publications

References 28 publications

In Situ and In Vitro Effects of Two Bleaching Treatments on Human Enamel Hardness

In Situ and In Vitro Effects of Two Bleaching Treatments on Human Enamel Hardness

Do different bleaching protocols affect the enamel microhardness?

Effect of peroxide bleaching on the biaxial flexural strength and modulus of bovine dentin

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