Effects of a Brief Intervention for Reducing Violence and Alcohol Misuse Among Adolescents

Walton, Maureen A.; Chermack, Stephen T.; Shope, Jean T.; Bingham, C. Raymond; Zimmerman, Marc A.; Blow, Frederic C.; Cunningham, Rebecca M.

doi:10.1001/jama.2010.1066

Cited by 356 publications

(321 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Accumulating evidence not reviewed in those reports supports brief interventions for adolescents, however. [16][17][18][19] The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) and American Academy of Pediatrics, which recommend child and adolescent alcohol screening, 13 have recently published Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention for Youth: A Practitioner' s Guide. 20 In the United States, unhealthy alcohol use is the third leading preventable cause of death, shortening 79 000 lives annually by ∼30 years, on average.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physician Advice to Adolescents About Drinking and Other Health Behaviors

et al. 2013

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Evidence regarding effectively screening and counseling adolescents about unhealthy alcohol use is accumulating. Young adults aged 18 to 24, those most at risk for excess alcohol consumption, are often not asked or counseled by physicians about unhealthy alcohol use. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:In 2010 among US 10th graders (age 16), 36% drank, 28% binged, and 23% were drunk in the past month; although 82% saw a doctor, 54% were asked about drinking but only 17% were advised to reduce or stop drinking. abstract BACKGROUND: This report assessed the proportion of US 10th graders (average age, 16) who saw a physician in the past year and were asked and given advice about their drinking. We hypothesized that advice would vary by whether students were asked about drinking and their drinking, bingeing, and drunkenness frequency. METHODS:A nationally representative sample of 10th graders in 2010 (N = 2519) were asked their past 30-day frequency of drinking, bingeing, and intoxication and whether, during their last medical examination, their drinking was explored and they received advice about alcohol' s risks and reducing or stopping.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physician Advice to Adolescents About Drinking and Other Health Behaviors

et al. 2013

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“…Patients aged 14 to 24 years presenting to the ED for assault-related injury, along with a proportionally sampled (by gender and age group [14][15][16][17][18][19][20], and 21-24 years]) comparison group of patients seeking care for nonassault-related care, were eligible for screening. This age group was chosen to coincide with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition of youth violence.…”

Section: Selection Of Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ED-based interventions are beginning to take root in many hospitals using an array of theoretical approaches including brief motivational interviewing styles, linkage to mentoring programs, as well as casebased strength approaches. [15][16][17][18][19][20] To guide growing ED-based efforts in preventing violence more information is needed about the characteristics of youth presenting for ED care with acute assault-related injury. Instead, previous researchers have focused on non-ED samples, typically school-based.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Youth Seeking Emergency Care for Assault Injuries

et al. 2014

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT:The emergency department (ED) is a critical contact location for youth violence interventions. Information on the characteristics of youth, motivations for fights leading to the injury, as well as previous health service utilization of assault-injured youth seeking care is lacking.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: Assault-injured youth are characterized in a systematic sample demonstrating frequent ED use and the need to address substance use and lethal means of force in interventions; context and motivations for the fight are novel and will inform intervention efforts. abstract OBJECTIVE: To characterize youth seeking care for assault injuries, the context of violence, and previous emergency department (ED) service utilization to inform ED-based injury prevention.METHODS: A consecutive sample of youth (14-24) presenting to an urban ED with an assault injury completed a survey of partner violence, gun/knife victimization, gang membership, and context of the fight. RESULTS:A total of 925 youth entered the ED with an assault injury; 718 completed the survey (15.4% refused); 730 comparison youth were sampled. The fights leading to the ED visit occurred at home (37.6%) or on streets (30.4%), and were commonly with a known person (68.3%). Fights were caused by issues of territory (23.3%) and retaliation (8.9%); 20.8% of youth reported substance use before the fight. The assault-injured group reported more peer/partner violence and more gun experiences. Assault-injured youth reported higher past ED utilization for assault (odds ratio [OR]: 2.16) or mental health reasons (OR: 7.98). Regression analysis found the assault-injured youth had more frequent weapon use (OR: 1.25) and substance misuse (OR: 1.41).CONCLUSIONS: Assault-injured youth seeking ED care report higher levels of previous violence, weapon experience, and substance use compared with a comparison group seeking care for other complaints. Almost 10% of assault-injured youth had another fight-related ED visit in the previous year, and ∼5% had an ED visit for mental health. Most fights were with people known to them and for well-defined reasons, and were therefore likely preventable. The ED is a critical time to interact with youth to prevent future morbidity. Pediatrics 2014;133:e96-e105 AUTHORS:

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“…Innovative violence prevention projects have been tested with teens and have been found to be a safe, acceptable, and potentially effective means of intervention. 31,32 While perhaps it is not the preferred method of counseling, HIT-based interventions have a number of advantages, including compensating for inadequate social work resources, minimal time expenditure by practitioners, adaptability to low-literacy and non-English-speaking patients (especially if combined with audio), ability to provide individualized feedback, high treatment fidelity, and easy dissemination across a wide variety of clinical and nonclinical settings.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taking a Fresh Look at Routine Screening for Intimate Partner Violence: What Can We Do About What We Know?

Rhodes

2012

Mayo Clinic Proceedings

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I ntimate partner violence (IPV) is defined as "any behavior within an intimate relationship that causes physical, psychological or sexual harm to those in the relationship." 1 Its role as a major public health issue affecting both men and women, regardless of social class, sexual orientation, or racial/ethnic group, was reinforced by the recently released population-based 2010 National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey. 2 Results indicate that women have a lifetime IPV prevalence rate of 29%, with 1 in 7 injured by an intimate partner. With a lifetime prevalence rate of 10% (1 in 25 injured as a result of IPV), 2 men are significantly less likely than women to experience physical or sexual IPV. 3 While less is known about the long-term impact of IPV among male victims, both male and female victims of IPV experience high rates of adverse physical, social, emotional, and mental health outcomes. [2][3][4][5] Being a victim of IPV is strongly associated with a host of behavioral risks such as sexually transmitted diseases, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and the use of tobacco, alcohol, and drugs and is linked to all other forms of violence. 1 As a significant contributor to health, social, and economic disparities, IPV jeopardizes the fabric of families and transcends all levels of socioeconomic status. Due to high rates of health care utilization by both victims and perpetrators of IPV, 6,7 health care settings have abundant opportunities for early identification, intervention, and secondary prevention of IPV-but have consistently failed in these endeavors.What We Know A recent report, Clinical Preventive Services for Women: Closing the Gaps, that was published through the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends that IPV screening become part of routine preventive services for women. 8 The IOM report is the latest in almost 20 years of similar clinical recommendations and guidelines targeted at improving IPV screening and response in health care settings. In 1992, the American Medical Association recommended screening all women for IPV, 9 and other professional medical organizations widely endorsed these recommendations. 10-13 However, the professional practice guidelines preceded both the evidence of effectiveness and the considerable implementation challenges. Studies that tried to assess the effectiveness of IPV screening quickly found that physicians were unable or unwilling to integrate IPV screening into their practice. 14 Substantial barriers were identified that span the spectrum of physicians' knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. [15][16][17][18][19][20] Even system-level interventions with extensive physician education demonstrated marked improvements in screening without an increase in IPV identification. 21 During this time, the movement for the use of evidence to guide clinical practice was also developing. With the realization that many of our current treatment recommendations lacked high-quality evidence of effectiveness, the level of enthusiasm for IPV screening began to ...

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Effects of a Brief Intervention for Reducing Violence and Alcohol Misuse Among Adolescents

Cited by 356 publications

References 38 publications

Physician Advice to Adolescents About Drinking and Other Health Behaviors

Physician Advice to Adolescents About Drinking and Other Health Behaviors

Characteristics of Youth Seeking Emergency Care for Assault Injuries

Taking a Fresh Look at Routine Screening for Intimate Partner Violence: What Can We Do About What We Know?

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