Effects of a Change in Tone Frequency on the Habituated Orienting Response of the Sleeping Rat

Johnen, Marga; Schnitzler, Hans‐Ulrich

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.1989.tb01932.x

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Johnen (Johnen, 1987;Johnen & Schnitzer, 1989) has shown that adult rats tested during slow-wave sleep do exhibit heart-rate deceleration to a novel auditory stimulus. However, in none of those studies are subjects also tested while awake, making it impossible to assess the effect of behavioral state on the magnitude of the heart-rate response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental constraints on the expression of behavioral and heart‐rate orienting responses: II. The role of ambient temperature

Hayne

Richardson

Campbell

1992

Developmental Psychobiology

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The effect of ambient temperature on the expression of behavioral and heart-rate orienting responses to a novel olfactory stimulus was examined in rats 1-18 days of age. There was no effect of ambient temperature on the behavioral orienting responses at any age. Ambient temperature did influence the expression of the heart-rate orienting response and did so differentially as a function of age. The implications of these findings for developmental models of attention and cognition are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental constraints on the expression of behavioral and heart‐rate orienting responses: II. The role of ambient temperature

Hayne

Richardson

Campbell

1992

Developmental Psychobiology

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“…Experiment 2 sought to test this possibility by presenting the subjects used in Experiment 1 with a tone stimulus similar to that used by Kapp et al Although the Experiment 1 rats had already had a substantial amount of experience with the white noise startle stimulus, it was assumed that a new stimulus given in a new context would be sufficiently different to reinstate the habituated heart rate decelerations. Evidence shows that a previously habituated heart rate deceleration to an acoustic stimulus can be re-evoked if the test stimulus is sufficiently different from the habituated stimulus (Campbell & Haroutunian, 1983; Johnen & Schnitzler, 1989).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amygdala central nucleus lesions attenuate acoustic startle stimulus-evoked heart rate changes in rats.

Young¹,

Leaton²

1996

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Amygdala central nucleus (CNA) lesions were used to test the hypothesis that stimulus-evoked heart rate changes can reflect the development of fear during acoustic startle testing. A 120-dB white noise startle stimulus produced freezing as well as phasic heart rate accelerations and decelerations, and an abrupt decrease in tonic heart rate, in sham-operated rats. These responses were all significantly reduced in CNA-lesioned rats. In contrast, an 87-dB stimulus elicited only significant phasic decelerations that were similarly attenuated by the CNA lesions. In a follow-up experiment, the CNA lesions also attenuated phasic cardiac decelerations evoked by a conditioned stimulus-like, 85-dB pure tone. The results support the contention (B. J. Young & R.N. Leaton, 1994) that heart rate changes can reflect fear conditioned during acoustic startle testing and, in addition, suggest that the amygdala mediates responses to nonsignal acoustic stimuli.

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Afferent and efferent connections of the ventrolateral tegmental area in the rat

Herbert

Klepper

Ostwald

1997

Anatomy and Embryology

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The present study examined the organization of afferent and efferent connections of the rat ventrolateral tegmental area (VLTg) by employing the retrograde and anterograde axonal transport of Fluorogold and Phaseolus vulgaris-leucoagglutinin, respectively. Our interest was focused on whether the anatomical connections of the VLTg would provide evidence as to the involvement of this reticular area in audiomotor behavior. Our retrograde experiments revealed that minor inputs to the VLTg arise in various telencephalic structures, including the cerebral cortex. Stronger projections originate in the lateral preoptic area, the zona incerta, the nucleus of the posterior commissure and some other thalamic areas, the lateral substantia nigra, the deep layers of the superior colliculus, the dorsal and lateral central gray, the deep mesencephalic nucleus, the paralemniscal zone, the intercollicular nucleus, the external cortex of the inferior colliculus, the oral and caudal pontine reticular nucleus, the deep cerebellar nuclei, the gigantocellular and lateral paragigantocellular reticular nuclei, the prepositus hypoglossal nucleus, the spinal trigeminal nuclei, and the intermediate layers of the spinal cord. Most importantly, we disclosed strong auditory afferents arising in the dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei and in the cochlear root nucleus. The efferent projections of the VLTg were found to be less widespread. Telencephalic structures do not receive any input from the VLTg. Moderate projections were seen to diencephalic reticular areas, the zona incerta, the nucleus of the posterior commissure, and to various other thalamic areas. The major VLTg projections terminate in the deep layers of the superior colliculus, the deep mesencephalic nucleus, the intercollicular nucleus and external cortex of the inferior colliculus, the oral and caudal pontine reticular nucleus, the gigantocellular and lateral paragigantocellular reticular nuclei, and in the medial column of the facial nucleus. From our data, we conclude that the VLTg might play a role in sensorimotor behavior.

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Effects of a Change in Tone Frequency on the Habituated Orienting Response of the Sleeping Rat

Cited by 6 publications

References 21 publications

Developmental constraints on the expression of behavioral and heart‐rate orienting responses: II. The role of ambient temperature

Developmental constraints on the expression of behavioral and heart‐rate orienting responses: II. The role of ambient temperature

Amygdala central nucleus lesions attenuate acoustic startle stimulus-evoked heart rate changes in rats.

Afferent and efferent connections of the ventrolateral tegmental area in the rat

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