Effects of a fat and ground maize supplement on feed intake and digestion by cattle consuming bermudagrass hay (Cynodon dactylon)

Hall, KD; Goetsch, A.L.; Landis, K. M.; Forster, L.A.; Brake, A. C.

doi:10.1016/0377-8401(90)90018-4

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Supplementary fat feeding has consistently been observed to depress rumen ammonia concentration (Hall, 1990) and is in agreement with observations of Kowalczyk et al (1977). In our experiments the concentration of NH 3 -N remained above 6.87 mmol/L and was not affected by feeding fat (Figure 7).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Microbial protein net synthesis in sheep fed meadow hay supplemented with different source and level of fat

Szumacher-Strabel¹

1998

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Three experiments were carried out on four rams fitted with rumen cannulas in a 4 x 4 Latin square design to investigate the effect of varying source and level of fat addition on microbial protein net synthesis (MN) in sheep fed meadow hay. The addition of rape seed oil (RSO) was tested in the 1 st experiment, the addition of linseed oil (LSO) in the 2 nd , and tallow (TAL) in the 3 rd experiment. Treatments in all experiments were similar: a control group without added fat and experimental groups with 4, 8 and 10% of fat in DM of diet. The fat source did not affect microbial protein net synthesis, but addition of 8% of fat tended to increase MN. The highest level of all purine derivatives was observed when RSO was added to meadow hay, whereas tallow addition decreased level of all purine derivatives. The effect of fat was well demonstrated in the variation in pH, and the levels of NH3-N and volatile fatty acids.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Microbial protein net synthesis in sheep fed meadow hay supplemented with different source and level of fat

Szumacher-Strabel¹

1998

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…S LWG was slightly lower than for other Ruminal losses of N for S, GB and M + S were considerable, whereas for other treatments N intake and duodenal flow differed little. N intake and appearance at the duodenum have been similar in other trials with unsupplemented cattle fed bermudagrass (Jones, Goetsch, Stokes and Colberg, 1988;Landis et al, 1989;Hall, Goetsch, Landis, Forster and Brake, 1990). The ruminal loss of N for treatment GB in this study could have been due to the feeding of the supplement once instead of twice per day as indicated by the work of Landis et al (1989).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Digestion and live-weight gain by beef cattle consuming bermudagrass supplemented with grain or different high-protein foodstuffs

Goetsch¹,

Forster²,

Murphy³

et al. 1990

Anim. Sci.

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Two experiments were made to determine the effects on digestion characteristics and live-weight (LW) gain of cattle consuming bermudagrass of supplementing with ground maize, soya-bean meal or a maizegluten-blood meal mix alone or maize plus the protein supplements. Experiment 1 was a Latin-square design with 14-day periods using six beef cows fitted with rumen and duodenal cannulas (490 kg). Cows were given bermudagrass hay at 12-7 g/kg LW alone (control, C) or with 2-4 g/kg LW of ground maize (M), 0-98 g/kg LW of soya-bean meal (S), 0-53 g/kg LW of maize-gluten plus 0-17 g/kg (dry matter basis) of blood meal (GB), M plus S (M + S) or M plus GB (M + GB). Nitrogen (N) intake was 106, 123, 143, 148, 166 and 166 g/day; total N at the duodenum was 101, 124, 117, 126, 140 and 161 (s.e. 5-91) g/day; and post-ruminal N disappearance was 61, 77, 72, 84, 87 and 110 (s.e. 5-6) g/day for C, M, S, GB, M + S and M + GB, respectively. In experiment 2, 96 crossbred beef heifers (203 kg LW) implanted with 200 mg testosterone and 20 mg oestradiol benzoate were allotted to 12 groups by LW (two groups per treatment). Heifers grazed bermudagrass paddocks for 84 days in two 42-day periods and supplement treatments were those in experiment 1. A period x treatment interaction in LW gain was noted (P < 0-05). LW gain was 0-78, 0-81, 0-79, 0-76, 0-70 and 0-95 kg in period 1 and 0-46, 0-51, 0-56, 0-53, 0-64 and 0-61 kg in period 2 for C, M, S, GB, M + S and M + GB, respectively (s.e. 0-049). In conclusion, duodenal flow and post-ruminal disappearance of N were similar for the protein sources when offered singularly, but when given with maize values were greater for the mix of protein meals high in ruminal undegradable protein as compared with soya-bean meal. LW gain by heifer calves grazing bermudagrass was increased only by supplementation with ground maize plus the protein meal mix of low ruminal degradability.

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“…Furthermore, it can be expected that the digestibility of fibre (NDF) would be reduced with increased PW in diets which subsequently increased dietary EE. Different studies (Hall et al, 1990;Jenkins, 1993;Pavan et al, 2007) have reported a reduction in the digestibility of fibre with increased dietary EE. A possible explanation for the reduction in fibre digestibility with increased dietary EE is that fat inclusion depressed the attachment of ruminal microorganisms to the fibre, and thus decreased fibre digestion by creating a hydrophobic barrier on the fibrous feedstuff (Devendra & Lewis, 1974).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary replacement of maize grain with popcorn waste products on nutrient digestibility and performance by lambs

Nkosi¹,

Meeske²,

Merwe³

et al. 2010

SA J. An. Sci.

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A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary replacement of maize with popcorn waste (PW) on the intake, nutrient digestibility and growth performance of lambs. Diets replacing 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% maize with PW were formulated and fed ad libitum to 40 South African Mutton Merino lambs (25.0 ± 0.45 kg live-weight). The diets had similar intake and nutrient digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF). Lambs fed the 25 and 50% PW diets had higher intakes of crude protein (CP), metabolizable energy and ether extract compared to the other diets. Growth rate was highest (226 g/d) on the 25% diet and lowest (109 g/d) on the 75% PW diet. Best feed conversion ratio (FCR), of 5.1 (kg feed/kg live weight) was obtained with the 0% PW diet. Improved digestibility of CP and EE occurred in the 25 and 75% PW diets. Higher intake of nitrogen (N) and N retention were obtained in the 25 and 50% PW diets. Dietary replacement of >75% of maize resulted in poor animal performance (ADG < 150 g/d and FCR >7.00). It was concluded that PW can replace up to 50% of the maize in diets for growing lambs.

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Effects of a fat and ground maize supplement on feed intake and digestion by cattle consuming bermudagrass hay (Cynodon dactylon)

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

Microbial protein net synthesis in sheep fed meadow hay supplemented with different source and level of fat

Microbial protein net synthesis in sheep fed meadow hay supplemented with different source and level of fat

Digestion and live-weight gain by beef cattle consuming bermudagrass supplemented with grain or different high-protein foodstuffs

Effects of dietary replacement of maize grain with popcorn waste products on nutrient digestibility and performance by lambs

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