“…1). In this regard, our findings confirm the early report by Maruhama et al 31 who found, by the use of a cultural method, that acarbose (Bay-g-5421) treatment significantly increased the number of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, and decreased the number of enterobacteriaceae, bacteroidaceae and lecithinase (+) clostridium in patients with dyslipidemia. Consistent with this, Xiao et al 32 showed that type 2 diabetic patients treated with acarbose had increased cultivable numbers of bifidobacteria and decreased numbers of enterobacteriaceae, but no effects on the numbers of Enterococcus faecalis, lactobacilli, or bacteroidaceae were observed.…”