Effects of a modified Otago exercise program delivered through outpatient physical therapy to community-dwelling older adult fallers in Greece during the COVID-19 pandemic: a controlled, randomized, multicenter trial

Lytras, Dimitrios; Sykaras, Evaggelos; Iakovidis, Paris; Komisopoulos, Christos; Chasapis, Georgios; Mouratidou, Charikleia

doi:10.1007/s41999-022-00656-y

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…[6] The reduced postural control ability could induce increased fall rates making elders more susceptible to cause injuries and long-term disabilities. [3] Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic further exacerbated the social isolation of the elderly, decreasing their likelihood of engaging in physical activity and maintaining motor function, [7] which is especially serious for those living in NHs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Otago Exercise Program on postural control ability in elders living in the nursing home: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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Background: Losing postural control ability and related injuries are of particular concern for elders living in the nursing home (NH). The Otago Exercise Program (OEP) is a multimodal exercise training program initially designed as an individually tailored home exercise for community-dwelling elders, but whether its movement characteristics and exercise intensity meet NH elders’ needs still needs to be clarified. This study aimed to determine the effects of the OEP in enhancing postural control ability among elders in the NH. Methods: A systematic literature search of English language databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science) and Chinese language databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and Chongqing VIP) until 15 April 2022 were performed by 2 reviewers on searching randomized controlled trial (RCT) and non-RCT. A meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 software. Continuous data were expressed as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Dichotomous data were presented as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CI. Study methodological quality was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions for RCTs and Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies-of Interventions for non-RCTs by 3 reviewers. Results: Nine studies with 546 participants were included in this review. Two hundred and sixty-nine participants received OEP, and 277 only had conventional exercise training. Compared to the conventional exercise training group, the NH elders in the OEP group have considerably decreased in fall risk (MD = −0.84; 95% CI = −1.17, −0.51; P < .00001) and positively increased in postural balance (MD = 5.55; 95% CI = 3.60, 7.50; P < .00001), functional mobility in short-distance (MD = −6.39; 95% CI = −8.07, −4.70; P < .00001), lower-limb muscle strength (MD = 4.32; 95% CI = 3.71, 4.93; P < .00001), and health status (risk ratio = 0.35; 95% CI = 0.18, 0.66; P = .001). Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that OEP is practical and feasible in NH. The nursing personnel can receive sufficient support for maintaining and enhancing these elders’ postural control ability, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Otago Exercise Program on postural control ability in elders living in the nursing home: A systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2023

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“…Main causative factors of falls are the deficits in strength and balance of older adults because aging affects muscles, bones, joints, and the nervous system [4] . Exercise has been shown to help reduce these deficits by protecting older adults from experiencing another fall [2,5,6] . Studies have shown that older adults participating in therapeutic exercise programs that include exercises such as balance and resistance training can have reduced fall risk by improving standing and walking performance [7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various methods of training older adults have been applied in the past for this purpose. The Otago exercise program [6,8] , Pilates [9] , and conventional resistance and balance programs have been shown to have a positive effect on reducing falls in older adults [10,11] . However, in recent years, special software games (exergames) have been developed that combine active physical participation with a friendly fun environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The efficacy of exergames on balance and reducing falls in older adults: A narrative review

Iakovidis¹,

Lytras²,

Fetlis³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Orthop. Sci.

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Falls in older adults are a very important health concern worldwide with enormous social and economic ramifications. The advancement of medical technology and the creation and dissemination of exergames has gained more and more ground in recent decades as it combines exercise with a pleasant environment. However, their efficacy over conventional exercise methods is under investigation. The aim of this review is to present recent research data regarding the efficacy of exergames in older adults with balance deficits who experience falls. Method: The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched with the following keywords: exergames, elderly falls, balance and Exercise. Articles that were clinical studies and had been published in the last four years were selected. Six clinical studies were found to meet the criteria and were included in the review. The total sample was 287 older adults. Results: Most clinical studies concluded that exergame rehabilitation is effective, enjoyable, and well received by older adults. In two studies, a combination with conventional physical therapy was reported to show better results. Discussion -Conclusions: The results of our review provide evidence that interventions based on virtual reality and exergames are effective in improving balance and reducing the number of falls in older adults. Our review also derives positive results of exergames effects compared to conventional physical therapy. Exergames-based intervention is cost-effective, safe, without adverse effects, and appears able to cause adaptations in balance and functional ability in older adults, thus reducing the risk of falls. Their application is proposed for the training of older adults in future interventions.

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“…6 The percentage of Australians over the age of 65 is projected to increase from 13% (3 million people) in 2010 to around 24% (9 million people) by 2050 [6] . Physiotherapy can play a key role in preventing falls in older adults [6][7][8][9][10] . Many of the functions of the human body that are affected due to aging can be improved through physiotherapy interventions, especially through the implementation of therapeutic exercise programs [6,7] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of tai chi on balance, fear, and reduction of falls in older adults: A narrative review

Makri¹,

Iakovidis²,

Lytras³

et al. 2023

Int. J. Orthop. Sci.

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Falls are considered one of the most serious problems faced by older adults due to their injuries and socio-economic implications. The aim of this review is to investigate the effect of Tai Chi training on geriatric patients in terms of balance and falls based on recent research data. Method: The PubMed, Google Scholar, and PEDro databases were searched with the following keywords: Tai-chi AND falls AND elderly OR older adults. The search was filtered for articles that were clinical studies or cross-over studies published in the last 10 years. Results: Eight studies were used in this review with a total sample of 1,110 older adults with or without a risk of falling. The findings of the studies included converge on the fact that Tai Chi has a positive effect on reducing falls and the fear of an impending fall while also improving balance. In six of the eight studies included the Tai Chi program seemed more effective than a control group, while in two studies it seemed equally effective as other means such as conventional physiotherapy and yoga. Discussion -Conclusions: The results show that Tai Chi training is accessible to older adults and seems to have a positive effect on fall risk and balance. However, the percentage of studies that support it is not sufficient nor do the results of this review prove the superiority of the Tai Chi method over other therapies. More thorough research is needed to confirm its efficacy.

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Effects of a modified Otago exercise program delivered through outpatient physical therapy to community-dwelling older adult fallers in Greece during the COVID-19 pandemic: a controlled, randomized, multicenter trial

Cited by 14 publications

References 64 publications

Effects of Otago Exercise Program on postural control ability in elders living in the nursing home: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Effects of Otago Exercise Program on postural control ability in elders living in the nursing home: A systematic review and meta-analysis

The efficacy of exergames on balance and reducing falls in older adults: A narrative review

The effect of tai chi on balance, fear, and reduction of falls in older adults: A narrative review

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