Effects of a Novel Bioactive Glass Composition on Biological Properties of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Abstract

Functional reconstruction of bone defects represents a clinical challenge in the regenerative medicine field, which targets tissue repair following traumatic injuries and disease-related bone deficiencies. In this regard, the optimal biomaterial should be safe, biocompatible and tailored in order to promote the activation of host progenitor cells towards bone repair. Bioactive glasses might be suitable biomaterials due to their composition being able to induce the host healing response and, eventually, anti-bacterial properties. In this study we investigated whether and how an innovative bioactive glass composition, called BGMS10, may affect cell adhesion, morphology, proliferation, immunomodulation and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). When cultured on BGMS10, hDPSCs maintained their proliferation rate and typical fibroblast-like morphology, showing the expression of stemness markers STRO-1 and c-Kit. Moreover, the expression of FasL, a key molecule in mediating immunomodulation effects of hDPSCs, was maintained. BGMS10 also proved to trigger osteogenic commitment of hDPSCs, as confirmed by the activation of bone-related transcription factors RUNX2 and Osx and the ongoing deposition of extracellular matrix supported by the expression of OPN and OCN. Our findings suggest that BGMS10 not only maintains the typical biological and immunomodulatory properties of hDPSCs but also favors the osteogenic commitment.

A New Generation of Electrospun Fibers Containing Bioactive Glass Particles for Wound Healing

“…Furthermore, Sr, Mg, and Zn ions are known to promote a specific cellular response, activating molecular signaling involved in the cell cycle [ 64 , 66 ]. Indeed, both BGMS10 and BGMS_2Zn resulted very promising compositions, suitable for the preparation of granules, scaffolds and composite systems, giving also very encouraging results in vitro in innovative 3D models with human mesenchymal stem cells [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 ].…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, CHIT_PEO composite electrospun mats with Sr and Mg containing bioactive glasses and Zn-containing bioactive glasses have not been fabricated yet. To this purpose, we decided to incorporate in CHIT_PEO fibers two novel bioactive glasses: BGMS10 [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ] and BGMS_2Zn [ 37 , 40 ], which resulted to be very promising in various applications in terms of biological properties, also in contact with human dental pulp stems cells and human mesenchymal stem cells [ 39 , 41 ]. Furthermore, preclinical studies in animal models using BGMS10 and BGMS_2Zn particulates are on-going.…”

Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effect of Air-Polishing Treatments and Their Influence on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Seeded on Titanium Disks

“…Titanium disks were mounted with DABCO (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) anti-fading medium on cover glasses. Cell proliferation and morphology were investigated using confocal microscopy (Nikon A1, Nikon, Tokyo, Japan), as formerly described by Di Tinco et al [ 56 ]. Cell proliferation was measured by counting the DAPI-positive nuclei on 5 randomly selected fields measuring 4.4 × 10 4 µm 2 on 3 disks for each experimental group by a blind operator.…”

Research Progress of Bioactive Glass and Its Application in Orthopedics

“…[88] Subsequently, Rosanna et al studied the effects of BGMS10 on the cell adhesion, morphology, proliferation, immunomodulation, and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) (Figure 8e,f). [87] The results showed that BGMS10 can maintain the biological properties of hDPSCs and promote the deposition of bone matrix-related proteins. Meanwhile, BGMS10 did not change the immunomodulation ability of hDPSCs and maintained the expression of FasL, a key molecule that mediates the immunomodulation effects of hDPSCs, which is a significant factor for the success of implantation and the realization of osseointegration.…”

“…Meanwhile, BGMS10 did not change the immunomodulation ability of hDPSCs and maintained the expression of FasL, a key molecule that mediates the immunomodulation effects of hDPSCs, which is a significant factor for the success of implantation and the realization of osseointegration. [87]…”