Effects of a Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Nulliparous Athletes with Urinary Incontinence: Biomechanical Models Protocol

Sousa, M. J. Lemos de; Viana, Rui; Viana, Sara; Roza, Thuane Da; Azevedo, Raquel Marisa Freitas; Araújo, Maíta Poli de; Festas, Clarinda; Mascarenhas, Teresa; Jorge, R.M. Natal

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-15799-3_6

Cited by 9 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Therefore, it is important to establish a complete diagnosis, through questionnaires on the quality of life and urine quantification tests (Jeyaseelan et al, 2000). Numerous studies have concluded that pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is an effective therapy for SUI (Ferreira et al, 2014;Leitner et al, 2019;Oliveira et al, 2017;Sousa et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in High-Impact Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pires

Moreira

et al. 2020

Journal of Human Kinetics

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The aim of this study was to systematize the scientific evidence that assessed the prevalence of urinary incontinence in female athletes and determine which modality is most predisposed to stress urinary incontinence. From September to December 2018, a systematic literature search of current interventional studies of stress urinary incontinence of the last ten years was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Web of Science databases. The methodological quality was assessed by the Downs and Black scale, while the data collected from the studies were analyzed through meta-analysis. Nine studies met the eligibility criteria, meaning they included reports of urinary incontinence in different sports. The meta-analysis showed 25.9% prevalence of urinary incontinence in female athletes in different sports, as well as 20.7% prevalence of stress urinary incontinence. The most prevalent high impact sport was volleyball, with the value of 75.6%. The prevalence of urinary incontinence can be high in female athletes, with high-impact sports potentially increasing the risk for stress urinary incontinence. Further research is needed regarding the potential risk factors related to the onset of urinary incontinence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in High-Impact Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pires

Moreira

et al. 2020

Journal of Human Kinetics

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“…Because volleyball is a high-impact sport, these exercises may cause PFM disorders due to a frequent increase in the intra-abdominal pressure or by the reaction with ground forces [15]. In the CG, the initial prevalence of SUI was 50 % (n = 3) and in the final figure was 83.3 % (n = 5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The differences between groups may be explained by the efficacy and duration of the PFMT program (16 weeks). This protocol has been applied with varied degrees of success in interventions conducted with other populations, health behaviors and different durations [14,15]. In their study, Thuane et al [14], concluded that this PFMT increased PFM strength (from 73.4 ± 24.9 to 89.8 ± 19.1 cmH 2 O) and reduced the frequency and amount of UI episodes (from 1.6 ± 1.5 to 0.1 ± 0.4 g) in sports students that completed an 8-week PFMT program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In their study, Thuane et al [14], concluded that this PFMT increased PFM strength (from 73.4 ± 24.9 to 89.8 ± 19.1 cmH 2 O) and reduced the frequency and amount of UI episodes (from 1.6 ± 1.5 to 0.1 ± 0.4 g) in sports students that completed an 8-week PFMT program. According to Sousa et al [15], the PFMT protocol has shown to be effective in reducing loss of urine (from 1.34 ± 0.4 to 0.93 ± 0.3 g) and increasing PFM strength (from 34.61 ± 0.5 to 54.59 ± 11.2 Pa). There are other PFMT protocols, but they all seem to contribute to an increase in PFM strength and to be an effective therapy for SUI [7,9,14,22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It consists of improving the PFM's reaction capacity and consequently increasing its mechanical efficiency in situations of increased intra-abdominal pressure, with training being a mixture of speed and strength. In Part I, the athletes were required to do pelvic floor power training based on general exercises, while in Part II they performed specific exercises according to the sport played, in order to incorporate the exercises into their daily practice [14][15][16]. This phase was adapted to the athlete's training.…”

Section: Pelvic Floor Muscles Trainingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Female Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

Pires

Moreira

et al. 2020

Int J Sports Med

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pelvic floor muscles training in elite female volleyball athletes and whether it is an effective therapy for stress urinary incontinence. Fourteen athletes, both continent and incontinent, between 18 and 30 years of age, were randomly assigned to an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group received a protocol for pelvic floor muscle training for 4 months. This consisted of three phases: awareness/stabilization, strength training and power. The control group was not subject to any intervention during the same period. Measures were collected at the initial and final phase for both groups. Maximum voluntary contractions were evaluated with a perineometer, involuntary urine loss with a Pad test and quality of life with the King’s Health Questionnaire. Baseline sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics were not significantly different. Comparing the two groups, the experimental group improved maximum voluntary pelvic contractions (p<0.001) and reduced urine loss (p=0.025), indicating the existence of significant differences between groups in the variation from the initial and final phases. The percentage of urine loss decreased in the experimental group, from 71.4–42.9%, suggesting that the protocol intervention for 16 weeks may help athletes with stress urinary incontinence.

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What is known from the existing literature about the available interventions for pelvic floor dysfunction among female athletes? A scoping review

Giagio

Innocenti

Pillastrini

et al. 2022

Neurourology and Urodynamics

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Background: Female athletes may be at higher risk of developing pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). However, despite the great number of epidemiologic studies, the interventions have not been standardized. Aim:The present scoping review aimed to map and summarize the literature to identify the available interventions for PFD among female athletes.Methods: Seven databases were searched up to May 2021. Studies considering female athletes practising sports at any performance level with any type of PFD were eligible for inclusion. Any clinical intervention and any context were considered. No language, study design, and publication type restrictions were applied. Additional studies were identified through gray literature and the reference lists of articles included. The results were presented numerically and thematically.Results: From 2625 initial records, 35 studies met inclusion criteria. The majority of articles were narrative reviews, considering athletes with urinary incontinence practising multiple or high-impact sports. Authors discussed a wide range of interventions: preventive (n = 8); conservative (n = 35), pharmacological (n = 12), and surgical (n = 10). In particular, the Pelvic Floor Muscle Training was considered in 30 studies.Conclusions: This is the first scoping review to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic. Besides the great number of available interventions, specific programs and randomized controlled clinical trials for female athletes are still limited. Findings highlighted evident gaps in the primary research confirming that the current management is based on expert opinion. This review may be useful for the overall management, and it may represent a starting point for future research.

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Effects of a Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Nulliparous Athletes with Urinary Incontinence: Biomechanical Models Protocol

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in High-Impact Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of Urinary Incontinence in High-Impact Sport Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Pelvic Floor Muscle Training in Female Athletes: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study

What is known from the existing literature about the available interventions for pelvic floor dysfunction among female athletes? A scoping review

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