Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on weaned dairy heifer calves subjected to a diurnal heat stress bout

Wickramasinghe, Janaka; Stepanchenko, Nadiia; Oconitrillo, Maria Jose; Goetz, B.M.; Abeyta, M.A.; Gorden, Patrick J.; Baumgard, Lance H.; Appuhamy, J.A.D.R.N.

doi:10.3168/jds.2022-22856

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 74 publications

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“…Intestinal barrier dysfunction can further contribute to the occurrence of alcoholic hepatitis by acting on the gut-liver axis, triggering inflammatory cascade reactions, and aggravating liver inflammation and LBP levels ( Tilg et al, 2016 ). Heat stress can lead to an increase in LBP levels, which is consistent with our trend ( Wickramasinghe et al, 2023 ). GO results indicated that differential genes were mainly enriched in immune processes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Heat stress exposure cause alterations in intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, and metabolome of broilers

Liu,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionHeat stress can affect the production of poultry through complex interactions between genes, metabolites and microorganisms. At present, it is unclear how heat stress affects genetic, metabolic and microbial changes in poultry, as well as the complex interactions between them.MethodsThus, at 28 days of age a total of 200 Arbor Acres broilers with similar body weights were randomly divided into the control (CON) and heat stress treatment (HS). There were 5 replicates in CON and HS, respectively, 20 per replication. From the 28–42 days, the HS was kept at 31 ± 1°C (9:00–17:00, 8 h) and other time was maintained at 21 ± 1°C as in the CON. At the 42nd day experiment, we calculated the growth performance (n = 8) of broilers and collected 3 and 6 cecal tissues for transcriptomic and metabolomic investigation and 4 cecal contents for metagenomic investigation of each treatment.Results and discussionThe results indicate that heat stress significantly reduced the average daily gain and body weight of broilers (value of p < 0.05). Transcriptome KEGG enrichment showed that the differential genes were mainly enriched in the NF-kB signaling pathway. Metabolomics results showed that KEGG enrichment showed that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in the mTOR signaling pathway. 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing results indicated that heat stress increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes. Multi-omics analysis showed that the co-participating pathway of differential genes, metabolites and microorganisms KEGG enrichment was purine metabolism. Pearson correlation analysis found that ornithine was positively correlated with SULT1C3, GSTT1L and g_Lactobacillus, and negatively correlated with CALB1. PE was negatively correlated with CALB1 and CHAC1, and positively with g_Alistipes. In conclusion, heat stress can generate large amounts of reactive oxygen and increase the types of harmful bacteria, reduce intestinal nutrient absorption and antioxidant capacity, and thereby damage intestinal health and immune function, and reduce growth performance indicators. This biological process is manifested in the complex regulation, providing a foundational theoretical basis for solving the problem of heat stress.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Heat stress exposure cause alterations in intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, and metabolome of broilers

Liu,

Ma,

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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The impact of phytogenic feed additives on ruminant production: A review

Nastoh,

Waqas,

Çınar

et al. 2024

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Effects of icariin as a feed additive on the reproductive function in bucks (Capra hircus)

Zhao,

Chen,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Improving the reproductive ability and fertility of male ruminants is a central concern in animal husbandry. Phytogenic feed additives, known for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties, are commonly used in animal feed. Icariin (ICA), the primary flavonoid glucoside derived from Epimedium, is a traditional tonic in Chinese herbal medicine. However, its potential to enhance the reproductive performance of male ruminants remains unclear. In this study, twelve healthy adult male dairy goats were divided into two groups. The goats received oral administration of ICA at doses of 0 (control) and 50 mg/kg body weight daily for a consecutive period of 80 days during the breeding season. The effects of ICA on the reproductive performance was analyzed by histological examinations, semen quality analysis, and ELISA experiments. ELISA results showed a progressive increase in serum levels of GnIH, LH, and testosterone with the prolonged ICA treatment (p < 0.05). However, the serum concentration of GnRH in the ICA group initially increased, followed by a subsequent decrease (p < 0.05). The hypothalamic concentrations of dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were significantly higher in the ICA group compared to the control group (p < 0.01). The CASA system analyzed sperm kinematics and revealed that ICA increased ejaculate volume, with both total motile and progressive motile sperm gradually increasing over time (p < 0.05). ICA did not affect the body weight of the goats but significantly increased the organ coefficient of the testes (p < 0.01). Additionally, there was an upregulation of hormone receptor expression in testicular tissue and an improvement in the antioxidant capacity of the testes after ICA treatment (p < 0.01). Furthermore, ICA was implicated in testosterone synthesis by modulating the expression of key enzymes associated with steroidogenesis and promoting the differentiation of spermatogonial stem cell to enhance spermatogenesis. In conclusion, our results indicate that icariin, as a phytogenic feed additive incorporated into the diet of ruminants, offers potential benefits in improving the reproductive performance of male dairy goats.

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Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on weaned dairy heifer calves subjected to a diurnal heat stress bout

Cited by 3 publications

References 74 publications

Heat stress exposure cause alterations in intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, and metabolome of broilers

Heat stress exposure cause alterations in intestinal microbiota, transcriptome, and metabolome of broilers

The impact of phytogenic feed additives on ruminant production: A review

Effects of icariin as a feed additive on the reproductive function in bucks (Capra hircus)

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