Effects of a Plastic-Free Lifestyle on Urinary Bisphenol A Levels in School-Aged Children of Southern Italy: A Pilot Study

Sessa, Francesco; Polito, Rita; Monda, Vincenzo; Scarinci, Alessia; Salerno, Monica; Carotenuto, Marco; Cibelli, Giuseppe; Valenzano, Anna; Campanozzi, Angelo; Monda, Marcellino

doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.626070

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…These steps include reducing plastic contact of foods for children ( Edwards et al. 2021 ; Sessa et al. 2021 ; Trasande et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Families can also take steps by following the recommendations offered for other child-relevant contaminants, which we believe are likely also effective for reducing NMP exposures. These steps include reducing plastic contact of foods for children (Edwards et al 2021;Sessa et al 2021;Trasande et al 2018), regular wetcleaning of the home (Rhoads et al 1999), and careful choice of safer personal care products and building materials (Giovanoulis et al 2019).…”

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

Sripada

Wierzbicka

Abass

et al. 2022

Environ Health Perspect

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Background: Pregnancy, infancy, and childhood are sensitive windows for environmental exposures. Yet the health effects of exposure to nano- and microplastics (NMPs) remain largely uninvestigated or unknown. Although plastic chemicals are a well-established research topic, the impacts of plastic particles are unexplored, especially with regard to early life exposures. Objectives: This commentary aims to summarize the knowns and unknowns around child- and pregnancy-relevant exposures to NMPs via inhalation, placental transfer, ingestion and breastmilk, and dermal absorption. Methods: A comprehensive literature search to map the state of the science on NMPs found 37 primary research articles on the health relevance of NMPs during early life and revealed major knowledge gaps in the field. We discuss opportunities and challenges for quantifying child-specific exposures (e.g., NMPs in breastmilk or infant formula) and health effects, in light of global inequalities in baby bottle use, consumption of packaged foods, air pollution, hazardous plastic disposal, and regulatory safeguards. We also summarize research needs for linking child health and NMP exposures and address the unknowns in the context of public health action. Discussion: Few studies have addressed child-specific sources of exposure, and exposure estimates currently rely on generic assumptions rather than empirical measurements. Furthermore, toxicological research on NMPs has not specifically focused on child health, yet children’s immature defense mechanisms make them particularly vulnerable. Apart from few studies investigating the placental transfer of NMPs, the physicochemical properties (e.g., polymer, size, shape, charge) driving the absorption, biodistribution, and elimination in early life have yet to be benchmarked. Accordingly, the evidence base regarding the potential health impacts of NMPs in early life remains sparse. Based on the evidence to date, we provide recommendations to fill research gaps, stimulate policymakers and industry to address the safety of NMPs, and point to opportunities for families to reduce early life exposures to plastic. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9086

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“…These steps include reducing plastic contact of foods for children ( Edwards et al. 2021 ; Sessa et al. 2021 ; Trasande et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

Sripada

Wierzbicka

Abass

et al. 2022

Environ Health Perspect

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“…In this scenario, these new techniques, posed at the center between toxicology and genetics, allow the forensic team to reach a certain diagnosis of the cause of death and not to make mistakes [110][111][112]. In the same manner, further studies should be conducted in order to identify new molecular biomarkers that could be useful both for forensic purposes, such as the identification of the cause of death, and for the identification of abuse drugs [113][114][115].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenetics and Forensic Toxicology: A New Step towards a Multidisciplinary Approach

Nunno

Esposito

Argo

et al. 2021

Toxics

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Pharmacogenetics analyzes the individual behavior of DNA genes after the administration of a drug. Pharmacogenetic research has been implemented in recent years thanks to the improvement in genome sequencing techniques and molecular genetics. In addition to medical purposes, pharmacogenetics can constitute an important tool for clarifying the interpretation of toxicological data in post-mortem examinations, sometimes crucial for determining the cause and modality of death. The purpose of this systematic literature review is not only to raise awareness among the forensic community concerning pharmacogenetics, but also to provide a workflow for forensic toxicologists to follow in cases of unknown causes of death related to drug use/abuse. The scientific community is called on to work hard in order to supply evidence in forensic practice, demonstrating that this investigation could become an essential tool both in civil and forensic contexts. The following keywords were used for the search engine: (pharmacogenetics) AND (forensic toxicology); (pharmacogenetics) AND (post-mortem); (pharmacogenetics) AND (forensic science); and (pharmacogenetics) AND (autopsy). A total of 125 articles were collected. Of these, 29 articles were included in this systematic review. A total of 75% of the included studies were original articles (n = 21) and 25% were case reports (n = 7). A total of 78% (n = 22) of the studies involved deceased people for whom a complete autopsy was performed, while 22% (n = 6) involved people in good health who were given a drug with a subsequent pharmacogenetic study. The most studied drugs were opioids (codeine, morphine, and methadone), followed by antidepressants (tricyclic antidepressants and venlafaxine). Furthermore, all studies highlighted the importance of a pharmacogenetics study in drug-related deaths, especially in cases of non-overdose of drugs of abuse. This study highlights the importance of forensic pharmacogenetics, a field of toxicology still not fully understood, which is of great help in cases of sudden death, deaths from overdose, deaths after the administration of a drug, and also in cases of complaint of medical malpractice.

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“… 32–36 Considering the country where more than half of the authors were from as the country in which the study was conducted, five (38.46%) articles were conducted in the United States, 24 , 26–28 , 33 four (30.77%) from Europe (UK, 29 Poland, 31 the Netherlands, 32 Italy, 36 three (23.08%) from Korea, 25 , 34 and one (7.69%) from China. 30 When the academic domain of the study was identified through the journal title and the author’s major or affiliated institution, public health, 27 , 30 , 33 medicine, 26 , 32 , 36 nursing, 31 , 34 , 35 published three (23.08%) articles for each, and environmental science had two (15.38%) articles. 24 , 29 The rest were pharmacy 25 and kinesiology, 28 one (7.69%) for each.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For study designs, seven (53.85%) articles 24 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 35 used one-group pretest-posttest design, three (23.08%) used randomized controlled trial design, 25 , 28 , 34 and there were one (7.69%) for each of randomized crossover design, 30 randomized factorial design, 32 non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. 36 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions on Reducing Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Human Health Care Context: A Scoping Review

Park¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2022

RMHP

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Purpose Inevitability of exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in daily lives of modern society is increasing interests in developing and implementing interventions to prevent or reduce harmful health effects of EDCs in various academic areas. This is a scoping review of intervention studies aimed at reducing exposure to EDCs in the text of human health care. Methods Scoping review methodology was used to explore the extent, range, and nature of current literature. A comprehensive systematic search of PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, PcycINFO, EMBASE, and RISS was performed for studies published to date. The authors followed Arksey and O’Malley’s stages; 1) identification of research questions; 2) identification of relevant studies using a total of six electronic databases; 3) study selection; 4) charting the data; and 5) collation, summarization and reporting of the data. Results A total of 2114 articles were retrieved, from which 13 articles were included in the final review. Among the 13 studies, 12 conducted interventions regarding dietary modification or replacement of household or personal goods. The duration of interventions ranged from at least three days to a maximum of six months, including six studies with a period of less than ten days. The participants were all healthy populations, eight of which were for adults, three for children or adolescents, and two for families. Outcome of the interventions were measured through concentration of EDCs in urine or/and house air. The effects of the interventions were inconsistent, with 11 studies showing significant changes of EDC concentration while no significant change was found in two studies. Conclusion The results indicate a need for randomized controlled trials, participant-centered studies promoting active participation and practices of subjects, studies specifying subgroups of participants, and studies including families as units in interventions.

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Effects of a Plastic-Free Lifestyle on Urinary Bisphenol A Levels in School-Aged Children of Southern Italy: A Pilot Study

Cited by 18 publications

References 70 publications

A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

Pharmacogenetics and Forensic Toxicology: A New Step towards a Multidisciplinary Approach

Interventions on Reducing Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Human Health Care Context: A Scoping Review

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