Effects of a seven-week minimalist footwear transition programme on footstrike modality, pressure variables and loading rates

Moore, Isabel S.; Pitt, William G.; Nunns, Michael; Dixon, Sharon

doi:10.1080/19424280.2014.971352

Cited by 26 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Such findings were comparable with some previous studies investigating the effects of minimalist shoes in habitual shod runners Moore, Pitt, Nunns, & Dixon, 2015;Ryan, Elashi, Newsham-West, & Taunton, 2013;Squadrone & Gallozzi, 2009). On the contrary, there were few studies reporting conflicting findings (Bonacci et al, 2013;Willson et al, 2014;Willy & Davis, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Another study used a 2-week transitioning programme reported similar findings with ours (Willson et al, 2014). However, another study which used a 7-week protocol demonstrated a change in the landing pattern (Moore et al, 2015). Most importantly, both studies found a significant increase in VALR or VILR when running in minimalist footwear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…On the contrary, there were few studies reporting conflicting findings (Bonacci et al, 2013;Willson et al, 2014;Willy & Davis, 2014). Such discrepancy may be due to the wide spectrum of minimalist shoe properties (Esculier et al, 2015) and difference in the adaptation time allowed for novice footwear condition (Cheung & Rainbow, 2014;Moore et al, 2015;Ryan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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A new footwear technology to promote non-heelstrike landing and enhance running performance: Fact or fad?

Zhang

McPhail

et al. 2016

Journal of Sports Sciences

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This study sought to compare the kinetics and kinematics data in a group of habitual shod runners when running in traditional running shoes and newly designed minimalist shoes with lug platform. This novel footwear design claims to simulate barefoot running and reduce energy loss during impact. We compared footstrike angle (FSA), vertical average (VALR) and instantaneous (VILR) loading rates, energy loss and initial vertical stiffness between two shoe conditions. Runners demonstrated a decreased FSA while running in minimalist shoes with lug platform than traditional shoes (P = 0.003; Cohen's d = 0.918). However, we did not observe a landing pattern transition. VALR and VILR between two footwear conditions showed no significant difference (P = 0.191-0.258; Cohen's d = 0.304-0.460). Initial vertical stiffness (P = 0.032; Cohen's d = 0.671) and energy loss (P = 0.044; Cohen's d = 0.578) were greater when running in minimalist shoes with lug platform. The results show that minimalist shoes with lug platform reduce the FSA but may not lead to a landing pattern switch or lower vertical loading rates. Interestingly, the new shoe design leads to a greater energy loss than traditional running shoes, which could be explained by a higher initial vertical stiffness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

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A new footwear technology to promote non-heelstrike landing and enhance running performance: Fact or fad?

Zhang

McPhail

et al. 2016

Journal of Sports Sciences

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“…The results of research concerning the effects of minimalist footwear have been conflicting, often as a function of the experience of the experimental sample with minimalist footwear (Sinclair, et al, 2013a, c;Squadrone, & Gallozzi, 2009). Although a short period of habituation was provided, it has been shown that full familiarization can take considerably longer (Moore, Pitt, Nunns, & Dixon, 2015). Therefore, it remains unknown as to whether the observations from the current work would have been inverted had participants been habitual minimalist footwear users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Influence of Minimalist and Maximalist Footwear on Patellofemoral Kinetics During Running

Sinclair

Richards

Selfe

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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The current study aimed to comparatively examine the effects of minimalist, maximalist, and conventional footwear on the loads experienced by the patellofemoral joint during running. Twenty male participants ran over a force platform at 4.0 m×s-1. Lower limb kinematics were collected using an 8-camera motion capture system allowing patellofemoral kinetics to be quantified using a musculoskeletal modeling approach. Differences in patellofemoral kinetic parameters were examined using one-way repeated-measures ANOVA. The results showed the peak patellofemoral force and pressure were significantly larger in conventional (4.70 ± 0.91 BW, 13.34 ± 2.43 MPa) and maximalist (4.74 ± 0.88 BW, 13.59 ± 2.63 MPa) compared with minimalist footwear (3.87 ± 1.00 BW, 11.59 ± 2.63 MPa). It was also revealed that patellofemoral force per mile was significantly larger in conventional (246.81 ± 53.21 BW) and maximalist (251.94 ± 59.17 BW) as compared with minimalist (227.77 ± 58.60 BW) footwear. As excessive loading of the patellofemoral joint has been associated with the etiology of patellofemoral pain symptoms, the current investigation indicates that minimalist footwear may be able reduce runners' susceptibility to patellofemoral disorders.

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“…Implementing a mid/forefoot strike pattern has been shown to reduce effective mass in relation to landing with the rearfoot (Liebermann, et al, 2010). Though it has been shown that adaptation to barefoot/minimalist footwear can take several weeks (Moore, Pitt, Nunns, & Dixon., 2015;Sinclair, 2016), which may explain the lack of any change in strike index, as the current study used non-habitual barefoot/minimalist footwear users. The observations from the current analysis therefore show that the proportion of total body mass decelerated during the impact phase of running is larger when barefoot and minimally shod footwear are adopted by runners who habitually wear traditional running footwear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of barefoot and minimally shod footwear on effective mass – implications for transient musculoskeletal loading

Sinclair

Stainton

Hobbs

2018

Kinesiology (Zagreb, Online)

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The purpose of this investigation was to explore the effects of barefoot and minimally shod footwear on effective mass, and determine the implications that this has for transient loading during running. Fifteen male runners ran at 4.0 m/s in five different footwear conditions (barefoot, running trainer, Nike-free, Inov-8 and Vibram five-fingers). Kinematics were collected using an 8 camera motion capture system and ground reaction forces via an embedded force platform. Effective mass was examined using impulse-momentum modelling and differences between footwear were examined using one-way repeated measures ANOVA. The findings showed that effective mass was significantly larger in the barefoot (11.47 %BW), Nike-free (9.81 %BW), Inov-8 (12.10 %BW) and Vibram five-fingers (8.84 %BW) compared to the running trainer (6.86 %BW). Furthermore, instantaneous loading rate was significantly larger in the barefoot (347.55 BW/s), Nike-free (178.76 BW/s), Inov-8 (369.93 BW/s) and Vibram five-fingers (339.37 BW/s) compared to the running trainer (133.18 BW/s). It was also revealed that there were significant positive associations between effective mass and the instantaneous rate of loading for each footwear. The findings from the current investigation indicate that effective mass has key implications for the generation of transient forces and also that running barefoot and in minimally shod footwear may place runners at increased risk from impact related injuries compared to the traditional running shoes

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Effects of a seven-week minimalist footwear transition programme on footstrike modality, pressure variables and loading rates

Cited by 26 publications

References 36 publications

A new footwear technology to promote non-heelstrike landing and enhance running performance: Fact or fad?

A new footwear technology to promote non-heelstrike landing and enhance running performance: Fact or fad?

The Influence of Minimalist and Maximalist Footwear on Patellofemoral Kinetics During Running

Effects of barefoot and minimally shod footwear on effective mass – implications for transient musculoskeletal loading

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