Effects of a severe drought on Quercus ilex radial growth and xylem anatomy

Corcuera, Leyre; Camarero, J. Julio; Gil‐Pelegrín, Eustaquio

doi:10.1007/s00468-003-0284-9

Cited by 205 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 75 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In this study, the overall frequency distribution of vessel was left-skewed, as previously reported for Q. faginea (Villar-Salvador et al 1997, Corcuera et al 2004a, Alla & Camarero 2012, Q. robur and Q. ilex (García-González & Eckstein 2003, Campelo et al 2010, Corcuera et al 2004b). The vessel distribution seems age-related, and the …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Earlywood vessel features in Quercus faginea: relationship between ring width and wood density at two sites in Portugal

Sousa¹,

Lousada²,

Pereira³

2015

iForest

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

© iForest -Biogeosciences and Forestry IntroductionVessel size and distribution throughout a growth ring deeply affect tree physiology and wood utilization. Vessels are the main cell types of the vascular transport system of plants and their importance is higher when the species are under threat of, for example, drought. In fact, the conductive area of vessels seems related to the conductive efficiency and tracks intra-seasonal information (Carlquist 2001, Fonti et al. 2009. Wood characteristics such as texture (i.e., the wood appearance due to cell morphology and density) are affected by vessel characteristics, thereby the quality of wood products is also vessel related (Zobel & Van Buijtenen 1989, Stanzl-Tschegg 2011.The measurement of vessel features such as area and diameter used to be a very timeconsuming task. However, the current use of microscopy coupled with image analysis makes data acquisition and processing more efficient (Gasson 1985, Sass & Eckstein 1994, Fonti et al. 2002, Leal et al. 2007. Recently, the number of studies focusing on the variation of vessel features (e.g., with age, growth and site) and their relation to other wood characteristics (e.g., density) has increased, although data is still scanty and results are often species-specific. The main tendencies in studies on vessel diameter variation have been recently discussed by Anfodillo et al. (2013), with special attention to the relationship between axial conduit widening and tree height.Vessels are key contributors to wood density, that is inversely proportional to their size and number (Savidge 2003). In oaks, vessel proportion (i.e., the percentage of xylem cross-section occupied by vessels) is one of the major anatomical factors affecting latewood density (Rao et al. 1997) and specific gravity (Zhang & Zhong 1992). For instance, in Quercus suber vessel size and number were found to contribute significantly to mean ring wood density (Leal et al. 2011).Contrasting results have been reported so far regarding the variation of vessels with age and tree growth. In Quercus alba the percentage of earlywood vessel area was influenced by the radial position, but not by the ring width (Phelps & Workman 1994). Earlywood vessel area was larger in fastgrowing than in slow-growing Juglans nigra trees, but no correlation was found between the earlywood vessel area and ring width (Phelps & Workman 1994). Denne et al. (1999) reported that the total vessel proportion decreased significantly as the ring width increase in Nothofagus nervosa, a diffuse porous hardwood species. In Q. suber, the vessel size increased from pith outwards, explaining 32% of the total variation in wood ring density (Leal et al. 2007, Leal et al. 2011. In Q. rubra, vessel percentage was also found to be correlated with specific gravity, independently of soil types (Hamilton & Knauss 1986). As for ring porous species, it is generally accepted that latewood width is responsible for the variation in wood ring density, while earlywood width is relatively constant (Chauhan et al. ...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Earlywood vessel features in Quercus faginea: relationship between ring width and wood density at two sites in Portugal

Sousa¹,

Lousada²,

Pereira³

2015

iForest

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Water stress did reduce the number of stomata, presumably in response to drought, consistently with Salisbury & Ross (1985) and Woodward (1987) who showed that the density is controlled by endogenous and environmental factors. Water stress also appeared to reduce vessel size, in agreement with observations by Sass & Eckstein (1995) and Corcuera et al (2004) on other tree species. While vessel sizes remained constant in the outside plot, the smaller diameter vessels observed under imposed drought treatments in the polythene tunnel indicated a plastic response to environmental conditions.…”

Section: Iforest -Biogeosciences and Forestrysupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Furthermore, vessel size has been shown to acclimate to the availability of spring and summer precipitation in Quercus robur (Gárcia-González & Eckstein 2003). Similar responses in the Mediterranean region have been found in both the diffuse-porous Q. ilex (Corcuera et al 2004, Campelo et al 2010) and the ring-porous Q. pyrenaica (Corcuera et al 2006). Shake may also be related to shortage of nutrients on the poor soils that commonly support chestnut plantations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Effects of drought and nutrient deficiency on grafts originating from sound and shaken sweet chestnut trees (Castanea sativa Mill.)

Mutabaruka¹,

Cook²,

Buckley³

2016

iForest

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Scions taken from felled, shaken or sound sweet chestnut trees (Castanea sativa Mill.) were grafted and grown for one year in a polythene tunnel in order to compare their responses to water and nutrient stresses. Phenological characteristics of the original trees were strongly reproduced in the grafts grown both in this controlled environment and later on in the field. Grafts originating from shaken trees flushed up to six days later, senesced earlier and produced larger spring vessels. Artificially imposed drought reduced stomatal densities by 5.6% and xylem vessel diameters by up to 35%. Fertiliser additions significantly increased stem increments and promoted earlier flowering, with hermaphrodite flowering filaments more common in grafts from shaken trees. It is considered that, because of their larger spring vessels, shaken trees may be more vulnerable to cavitation and therefore to drought, even though moisture stress is mitigated by some plasticity in earlywood vessel diameter.

show abstract

“…However, fewer studies have attempted to identify the underlying functional problem in "weak" individuals. Most of the studies dealing with the decline of holm oak at individual tree level have focused mainly on characterizing the effects or symptoms of decay in the aerial part of the stools, both at leaf and xylem level (Tognetti et al, 1998;Camarero et al, 2004;Corcuera et al, 2004), sometimes through water exclusion experiments (Limousin et al, 2009;Barbeta et al, 2013;Pérez-Ramos et al, 2013). However, because holm oak is a species with a strong resprouting capacity and as most of the stools have been managed in a coppice system over a long period of time, it would seem reasonable to assume that the cause of decay of some stools may be at least partially explained by factors relating to the root system .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline in holm oak coppices (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.): biometric and physiological interpretations

Serrada¹,

Gómez-Sanz

Aroca

et al. 2017

For. syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim of the study: To analyse the decline in aged holm oak coppice forests as regards above-ground and below-ground fractions and physiological features.Area of study: Centre of the Iberian Peninsula (Guadalajara province). Material and methods: 26 pairs of holm oak stools with different vigour but with similar site and structural characteristics within each pair were selected. Morphological (basal area, number of stools, maximum height) and physiological traits (leaf water potential, stomatal conductance) of the standing stools were assessed. Their aerial and underground parts were extracted and different size fractions of both their above and below-ground biomass were quantified. Linear mixed models were built to test the effect of 'Stool vigour' on the mean behaviour of the measured variables. Additionally, for the aerial part, linear regressions between the weights of the different size fractions and the basal area at breast height were performed using 'Stool vigour' as a fixed factor.Main results: For the same site, root depth, and number and diameter of shoots than good vigour stools, poor vigour stools displayed: lower predawn water potential, greater leaf mass per unit of area; lower total leaf area; lower above-ground biomass (in total as well as per fractions); lower fine roots biomass; lower proportion of leaf biomass and a greater proportion of biomass of both all roots and those with diameter 2-7 cm.Research highlights: The above-ground physiological and morphological characteristics of declined stools are interpreted as poorer adaptation to site conditions. Root system architecture was found to be relevant to explain this behaviour.Additional keywords: decay; stool; above-ground biomass; below-ground biomass; drought; global change.

show abstract

Effects of a severe drought on Quercus ilex radial growth and xylem anatomy

Cited by 205 publications

References 75 publications

Earlywood vessel features in Quercus faginea: relationship between ring width and wood density at two sites in Portugal

Earlywood vessel features in Quercus faginea: relationship between ring width and wood density at two sites in Portugal

Effects of drought and nutrient deficiency on grafts originating from sound and shaken sweet chestnut trees (Castanea sativa Mill.)

Decline in holm oak coppices (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.): biometric and physiological interpretations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About