Effects of a Strategic Feed Restriction on Pig Performance and Health during the Post-weaning Period

Rantzer, Dan; Svendsen, J.; Weström, Björn

doi:10.1080/09064709609415874

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…found that a 20% reduction in feeding increased the caecal concentration of volatile fatty acids and acidified caecal content while enhancing bacterial fibrolytic activity. In the present study, feed restriction increased the faecal populations of Lactobacillus, Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli on day 35, which is different from the observations of piglets fed a RE diet by Rantzer et al (1996). Lázaro et al (2004) reported that feed restriction and enzyme supplementation reduced the magnitude of problems in broiler chicks, especially jejunum viscosity problems, owing to the presence of rye in feed.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Similar results have been found by Daza et al (2003), who reported that pigs fed a RE diet reduced their feed intake but had a feed conversion ratio similar to that of pigs fed AD. Rantzer et al (1996) reported that, during the period of feeding restriction, the RE piglets had a lower diarrhoea score than those fed AD. The faecal scores of animals in this study were not influenced by feeding regimen, which indicates that feeding restriction did not impair their health status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Administration of a novel plant extract product via drinking water to post-weaning piglets: effects on performance and gut health

Bontempo

Jiang

Cheli

et al. 2014

Animal

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The present study evaluated the effects of a novel plant extract (PE) product (Grazix TM ) on the performance and gut health of weaned piglets challenged with Escherichia coli. The PE was a standardised mixture of green tea leaves (Camellia sinensis) and pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum) obtained by using the LiveXtract TM process. A total of 144 piglets were weaned at 24 days and allocated to 8 for a 35-day experiment with a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design comparing different treatments (water without product (CT) or 8 μl/kg per day PE in drinking water (PE)), feeding regimens (ad libitum (AD) or restricted (RE)) and oral E. coli challenges on day 9 (sham (− ) or infected ( + )). There were six pens per group with three piglets per pen. On day 35, 24 of the RE feeding piglets were slaughtered. It was found that PE supplementation increased the average daily gain (ADG) from day 28 to day 35 ( P = 0.03) and increased the gain to feed ratio (G : F) from day 7 to day 14 ( P = 0.02). RE feeding led to lower feed intake in piglets during the 1 st week ( P < 0.01), 2 nd week ( P = 0.06), 3 rd week ( P = 0.05), and throughout the course of the overall study period ( P = 0.05). E. coli challenge decreased the ADG and G : F ratio from day 7 to day 14 ( P = 0.08 and < 0.01, respectively) and increased the faecal score (higher values indicate more severe diarrhoea) on days 14, 21, 28 and 35 ( P < 0.01). PE supplementation decreased the faecal score in the challenged piglets during the 1 st week post-challenge ( P < 0.01). E. coli challenge increased the faecal E. coli level on day 14 ( P = 0.03) and increased the Enterobacteriaceae level on day 35 ( P < 0.01). Reduced faecal E. coli was observed on days 14 and 35 ( P = 0.05 and 0.02, respectively), and reduced Enterobacteriaceae ( P < 0.01) was found on day 35 in the PE animals. RE feeding increased the faecal Lactobacillus, Enterobacteriaceae and E. coli levels on day 35 ( P = 0.02, < 0.01 and < 0.01, respectively). These results suggest that PE supplementation may improve the gut health status of post-weaning piglets and counteract some of the negative effects that occur when piglets are challenged with E. coli.Keywords: Escherichia coli, gut health, performance, piglet, plant extract ImplicationsThis study investigated the effects of a novel plant extract product that was added to the drinking water for weaned piglets. Different feeding regimens were tested, and the effects of the extract on growth performance, gut health and protection against Escherichia coli challenge were observed. The results showed that the plant extract may represent a useful additive for improving gut health and microbial ecology and reducing the severity of an E. coli challenge. The results may have a significant impact on nutritional management in conventional farms. Use of the plant extract could enable piglets to better withstand the infections that are often associated with weaning.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of a novel plant extract product via drinking water to post-weaning piglets: effects on performance and gut health

Bontempo

Jiang

Cheli

et al. 2014

Animal

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“…The feed restriction applied during the first 6 days post weaning may have attenuated the short-term negative consequences of the poor sanitary conditions but also limited the performance of pigs housed in the good conditions. During a restrictive feed period of 7 days post weaning, pigs had a lower faecal score and proportion of faecal haemolytic Escherichia coli but lower performance than pigs offered feed ad libitum (Rantzer et al, 1996). In good sanitary conditions, pigs were housed in cleaned and disinfected rooms and received an antibiotic supplementation in contrast to pigs kept in poor sanitary conditions, which were housed in rooms that were not cleaned.…”

Section: Responses Of Pigs To the Degradation Of Sanitary Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Pastorelli

Floc'H

Merlot

et al. 2012

Animal

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Pigs are confronted with changes in farming practices that may affect performance and animal well-being. The sanitary conditions of the farm can have an impact on the ability of pigs to adapt to these changes. This study aimed to analyse how weaned pigs respond to common farming practices of changes in diet and housing in terms of performance, health and behaviour, and how these responses are affected by the sanitary housing conditions, qualified here as good or poor. At weaning at 4 weeks of age, 20 piglets were assigned to 10 blocks of two littermates and each pig within a litter was randomly assigned to one of two sanitary conditions. Pigs were housed individually and received a starter diet. A diet change occurred on day 12 post weaning (starter to weaner diets) and pigs were transferred to the grower unit on day 33 post weaning and continued to receive the weaner diet. From 43 days post weaning, pigs were offered a grower diet and were vaccinated against swine influenza on day 47 and 61 post weaning. On the basis of this design, three post-weaning phases were identified: phase I from day 1 to 11 (post weaning), phase II from day 12 to 32 (after the diet change) and phase III from day 33 to 42 (after the housing change). Individual BW was measured every 3 days, and feed refusals and faecal scores were recorded on a daily basis. Behavioural observations were performed during 28 days by using the instantaneous scan sampling method. Individual blood samples were collected at the end of each phase to analyse the plasma concentration of haptoglobin and on day 68 post weaning to analyse the anti-influenza immunoglobulins G (IgG). Poor sanitary conditions resulted in a decrease in daily gain, feed intake and gain to feed ratio of, respectively, 11%, 5% and 7% (P< 0.05). Pigs in poor sanitary conditions had higher faecal scores (P< 0.05), tended to have higher plasma haptoglobin concentration in phase II (P= 0.06) and had a higher anti-influenza IgG titre (P= 0.11). The diet change affected performance and behavioural responses of pigs in poor but not in good sanitary conditions. Housing change resulted in a 30% decrease in growth and an increase in behaviour oriented towards exploration and excitement. The results of this study show an effect of sanitary conditions on the responses of pigs to a diet change, whereas those to a housing change were little affected by the sanitary conditions.

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“…Similarly, restricted feeding from day 3 to 8 post-weaning reduced the incidence of diarrhea, proliferation of haemolytic E. coli., and mortality (Rantzer et al 1996). When ad libitum feeding was resumed on day 9 post-weaning, incidence and severity of diarrhea and proliferation of E. coli continued to be less in pigs that were previously restricted in their feed intake compared with pigs that were allowed ad libitum feeding during the entire postweaning period (Rantzer et al 1996).…”

Section: Restricted Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…coli., and mortality (Rantzer et al 1996). When ad libitum feeding was resumed on day 9 post-weaning, incidence and severity of diarrhea and proliferation of E. coli continued to be less in pigs that were previously restricted in their feed intake compared with pigs that were allowed ad libitum feeding during the entire postweaning period (Rantzer et al 1996). In a Danish experiment, it was observed that restricting feed intake to 75% of ad libitum during the initial 14 d postweaning reduced mortality due to diarrhea by 50% and lowered therapeutic treatments for diarrhea by 56% compared with feeding ad libitum (Jørgensen et al 2000).…”

Section: Restricted Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Board Invited Review: Management and feeding strategies to ameliorate the impact of removing antibiotic growth promoters from diets fed to weanling pigs

Kil¹,

Stein²

2010

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2010. Board Invited Review: Management and feeding strategies to ameliorate the impact of removing antibiotic growth promoters from diets fed to weanling pigs. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 90: 447Á460. A review of the literature was conducted with the objective of identifying management and feeding strategies for weanling pigs that are effective in reducing the negative impacts of discontinued use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in diets fed to weanling pigs. If no AGP are used, dietary crude protein concentrations should be reduced to less than 18% in diets fed to pigs during the immediate post-weaning period. Diets should be fed in a liquid form if possible, preferably as fermented liquid feed. Feed intake should be restricted to 75% of ad libitum intake during the initial 2 wk post-weaning to reduce the amount of substrates available to pathogens in the hind gut. The profit from pig production will be maximized if pigs are weaned between 21 and 28 d of age. All-in all-out production should be practiced and pigs should always be weaned into an empty, clean, and disinfected room, preferably at a location separated from the sow farm. Disease pressure and mortality do not necessarily have to increase if no AGP are used, but profits will likely be reduced because costs of preventing diseases in pigs fed diets containing no AGP often are greater than the cost of AGP.

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Effects of a Strategic Feed Restriction on Pig Performance and Health during the Post-weaning Period

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Administration of a novel plant extract product via drinking water to post-weaning piglets: effects on performance and gut health

Administration of a novel plant extract product via drinking water to post-weaning piglets: effects on performance and gut health

Sanitary housing conditions modify the performance and behavioural response of weaned pigs to feed- and housing-related stressors

Board Invited Review: Management and feeding strategies to ameliorate the impact of removing antibiotic growth promoters from diets fed to weanling pigs

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