Effects of a Vitamin D and Leucine-Enriched Whey Protein Nutritional Supplement on Measures of Sarcopenia in Older Adults, the PROVIDE Study: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Bauer, Jüergen M.; Verlaan, Sjors; Bautmans, Ivan; Brandt, Kirsten; Donini, Lorenzo Maria; Maggio, Marcello; McMurdo, Marion E. T.; Mets, Tony; Seal, Chris; Wijers, S.; Ceda, Gian Paolo; Vito, Giuseppe De; Donders, Gilbert; Drey, Michael; Greig, Carolyn; Holmbäck, Ulf; Narici, Marco V.; McPhee, Jamie S.; Poggiogalle, Eleonora; Power, Dermot; Scafoglieri, Aldo; Schultz, Ralf; Sieber, Cornel; Cederholm, Tommy

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2015.05.021

Cited by 541 publications

(480 citation statements)

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“…A 6% increase in body weight in suckling pigs administered leucine orally has been reported (72), although our recent study of oral leucine supplementation of a protein-restricted diet found only a trend for an increase in body weight and lean mass (13). The long-term effect of leucine supplementation on body composition has been assessed largely in selected physiological conditions such as exercise, malnutrition, or aging, all situations where protein metabolism is challenged, and both positive and no effects have been reported (5,14,27,37,71,80). A recent meta-analysis concluded that leucine supplementation exerts beneficial effects on body weight and lean body mass in older persons already prone to sarcopenia (49).…”

Section: E706 Leucine Pulses Increase Lean Gain In Neonatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsatile delivery of a leucine supplement during long-term continuous enteral feeding enhances lean growth in term neonatal pigs

Boutry

El‐Kadi

Suryawan

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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TA. Pulsatile delivery of a leucine supplement during long-term continuous enteral feeding enhances lean growth in term neonatal pigs. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 310: E699 -E713, 2016. First published February 16, 2016 doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00479.2015.-Neonatal pigs are used as a model to study and optimize the clinical treatment of infants who are unable to maintain oral feeding. Using this model, we have shown previously that pulsatile administration of leucine during continuous feeding over 24 h via orogastric tube enhanced protein synthesis in skeletal muscle compared with continuous feeding alone. To determine the long-term effects of leucine pulses, neonatal piglets (n ϭ 11-12/group) were continuously fed formula via orogastric tube for 21 days, with an additional parenteral infusion of either leucine (CON ϩ LEU; 800 mol·kg Ϫ1 ·h Ϫ1 ) or alanine (CON ϩ ALA) for 1 h every 4 h. The results show that body and muscle weights and lean gain were ϳ25% greater, and fat gain was 48% lower in CON ϩ LEU than CON ϩ ALA; weights of other tissues were unaffected by treatment. Fractional protein synthesis rates in longissimus dorsi, gastrocnemius, and soleus muscles were ϳ30% higher in CON ϩ LEU compared with CON ϩ ALA and were associated with decreased Deptor abundance and increased mTORC1, mTORC2, 4E-BP1, and S6K1 phosphorylation, SNAT2 abundance, and association of eIF4E with eIF4G and RagC with mTOR. There were no treatment effects on PKB, eIF2␣, eEF2, or PRAS40 phosphorylation, Rheb, SLC38A9, v-ATPase, LAMTOR1, LAMTOR2, RagA, RagC, and LAT1 abundance, the proportion of polysomes to nonpolysomes, or the proportion of mRNAs encoding rpS4 or rpS8 associated with polysomes. Our results demonstrate that pulsatile delivery of a leucine supplement during 21 days of continuous enteral feeding enhances lean growth by stimulating the mTORC1-dependent translation initiation pathway, leading to protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of neonates. leucine; growth; protein metabolism; orogastric feeding; infant GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT DURING CHILDHOOD is the traditional measure of overall nutritional status. Poor growth in early infancy is associated with increased risk for adverse long-term health outcomes, including programming of obesity (63

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Section: E706 Leucine Pulses Increase Lean Gain In Neonatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsatile delivery of a leucine supplement during long-term continuous enteral feeding enhances lean growth in term neonatal pigs

Boutry

El‐Kadi

Suryawan

et al. 2016

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…Especially since nutrition intervention alone has been shown to be beneficial. For example, the provision of a leucine-enriched whey protein powder and vitamin D for a 13 week period enabled significant gains in appendicular muscle mass and in lower extremity function in a group of 184 older adults diagnosed with low skeletal mass (Bauer et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of a Progressive Resistance Exercise (PRE) Approach to Training an Adult Classified as Sarcopenic

Hunt¹,

Chapa²,

Hess³

et al. 2017

IJSN

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“…There is also evidence that optimal nutritional supplementation improves muscle quality. Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of essential amino acid (EAA), 124 β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid (HMB), 125 as well as vitamin D and leucine-enriched whey protein nutritional supplement 126 in muscle mass and physical performance. Optimal nutritional supplementation may also enhance the anabolic effect of resistance training.…”

Section: Management Of Sarcopenia To Improve Quality Of Lifementioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Sarcopenia to Improve Quality of Life in Geriatric Populations

Zhu²,

Chan³

et al. 2016

Clinical Medicine Insights: Geriatrics

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Sarcopenia, characterized by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that occurs with advancing age, has been associated with falls, fracture, disability, and mortality. Depending on the definitions used, the prevalence in 60-to 80-year old population is reported as 0.9%-35.9%, while the prevalence ranges from 7%-70.0% in people older than 80 years. Sarcopenia has been associated with lower quality of life. Well-designed exercise interventions, particularly resistance training as well as nutritional supplementation, have been proved to improve muscle strength and performance in geriatric populations. Resistance training may also enhance quality of life. However, there are limited data on the effects of nutritional supplementation as an intervention on quality of life among individuals with sarcopenia. This review briefly summarizes the relationship between sarcopenia and quality of life and presents the potential of interventions to improve muscle quality, physical performance, and quality of life. ACADEMIC EDITOR: atsushi sakuraba, editor in Chief PEER REVIEW: three peer reviewers contributed to the peer review report. Reviewers' reports totaled 497 words, excluding any confidential comments to the academic editor.FUNDING: authors disclose no external funding sources. COMPETING INTERESTS: Authors disclose no potential conflicts of interest.COPYRIGHT: © the authors, publisher and licensee libertas academica limited.this is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons CC-BY-nC 3.0 license. CORRESPONDENCE: rubyyu@cuhk.edu.hkPaper subject to independent expert single-blind peer review. all editorial decisions made by independent academic editor. Upon submission manuscript was subject to anti-plagiarism scanning. Prior to publication all authors have given signed confirmation of agreement to article publication and compliance with all applicable ethical and legal requirements, including the accuracy of author and contributor information, disclosure of competing interests and funding sources, compliance with ethical requirements relating to human and animal study participants, and compliance with any copyright requirements of third parties. this journal is a member of the Committee on Publication ethics (COPe).Provenance: the authors were invited to submit this paper.Published by libertas academica. learn more about this journal. SarcopeniaSarcopenia, defined as a geriatric syndrome characterized by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that occurs with advancing age, was first introduced by Rosenberg in 1989.1,2 The decline in muscle mass occurs after the age of 30 years.3,4 After the age of 50 years, muscle mass is reported to decline at an annual rate of approximately 0.2%; 5 after 70 years, the decline may accelerate to 0.6%-1% per year. [6][7][8] Over the past few decades, refining the definition of sarcopenia has led to significant variation in the meaning. Initially, the definition consists of the measurement of appendicular mass divided...

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Effects of a Vitamin D and Leucine-Enriched Whey Protein Nutritional Supplement on Measures of Sarcopenia in Older Adults, the PROVIDE Study: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Cited by 541 publications

References 47 publications

Pulsatile delivery of a leucine supplement during long-term continuous enteral feeding enhances lean growth in term neonatal pigs

Pulsatile delivery of a leucine supplement during long-term continuous enteral feeding enhances lean growth in term neonatal pigs

The Effects of a Progressive Resistance Exercise (PRE) Approach to Training an Adult Classified as Sarcopenic

Management of Sarcopenia to Improve Quality of Life in Geriatric Populations

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