Effects of Abiotic Factors on the Geographic Distribution of Body Size Variation and Chromosomal Polymorphisms in Two Neotropical Grasshopper Species (<i>Dichroplus</i>: Melanoplinae: Acrididae)

Bidau, Claudio J.; Castillo, Elio Rodrigo Daniel; Martí, Dardo A.

doi:10.1155/2012/863947

Cited by 17 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…According to this theory, animal body size varies with altitude and latitude (Bidau et al, 2012). Hepburn et al (2001), by means of morphometric analysis, recorded that in the honeybee Apis cerana the body size increases with altitude, results congruent with this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Size and shape in Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera; Meliponini)

Nunes¹,

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Carvalho

et al. 2013

Braz. J. Biol.

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This study aimed to identify differences in wing shape among populations of Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides obtained in 23 locations in the semi-arid region of Bahia state (Brazil). Analysis of the Procrustes distances among mean wing shapes indicated that population structure did not determine shape variation. Instead, populations were structured geographically according to wing size. The Partial Mantel Test between morphometric (shape and size) distance matrices and altitude, taking geographic distances into account, was used for a more detailed understanding of size and shape determinants. A partial Mantel test between morphometris (shape and size) variation and altitude, taking geographic distances into account, revealed that size (but not shape) is largely influenced by altitude (r = 0.54 p < 0.01). These results indicate greater evolutionary constraints for the shape variation, which must be directly associated with aerodynamic issues in this structure. The size, however, indicates that the bees tend to have larger wings in populations located at higher altitudes.Keywords: stingless bee, Meliponini, altitude, partial correlation, geometric morphometrics.Tamanho e Forma em Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera; Meliponini) ResumoEste trabalho avaliou a divergência de forma entre populações de Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides, utilizando caracteres morfométricos em 23 localidades da região semi-árida do estado da Bahia (Brasil). As análises das distâncias de Procrustes entre as formas médias das asas indicaram que não há estruturação populacional para a variação dessa estrutura. Entretanto, nossas análises demonstraram que as populações estavam estruturadas geograficamente pelo tamanho das asas. O teste parcial de Mantel entre matrizes de distâncias morfométricas (forma e tamanho) e altitude, levando em conta as distâncias geográficas, foi utilizado para uma compreensão mais detalhada dos determinantes de tamanho e forma. O teste de Mantel entre as variações morfométricas (forma e tamanho) e altitude, tendo em conta as distâncias geográficas, revelou que o tamanho (mas não a forma) é amplamente influenciado pela altitude (r = 0,54 p < 0,01). Tais resultados indicam maiores restrições evolutivas para a variação de forma, o que deve estar diretamente associado às questões aerodinâmicas dessa estrutura. O tamanho, por outro lado, indica que as abelhas estudadas tendem a apresentar asas maiores nas populações localizadas em regiões de maior altitude.Palavras-chave: abelhas sem ferrão, altitude, correlação parcial, Meliponini, morfometria geométrica.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Similar results were found in this study, where body size was apparently more affected by the different habitats than the shape of these individuals. Bidau et al (2012) found that body size in species of grasshoppers is positively correlated with latitude, altitude, and seasonality, and that these factors influence development and growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Size and shape in Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera; Meliponini)

Nunes¹,

Passos

Carvalho

et al. 2013

Braz. J. Biol.

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“…In South American acridid grasshoppers Rb translocation polymorphisms are frequent in central, stable and highly productive environments, and decline to monomorphism towards the southern extreme of the range, which is characterized by harsh, highly seasonal and variable habitats (Bidau & Martí ; Bidau et al . ). Several hypotheses have been suggested to explain this pattern, including the central‐marginal hypothesis that predicts lower diversity at the margins of species' distributions (Kirkpatrick & Barton ).…”

Section: Maintenance Of Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…This has been observed in at least two study systems, each involving a different chromosomal rearrangement: Rb translocation polymorphisms in grasshoppers (Dichroplus pratensis) and chromosomal fissions in blind mole rats (Spalax spp.). In South American acridid grasshoppers Rb translocation polymorphisms are frequent in central, stable and highly productive environments, and decline to monomorphism towards the southern extreme of the range, which is characterized by harsh, highly seasonal and variable habitats (Bidau & Mart ı 2002;Bidau et al 2012). Several hypotheses have been suggested to explain this pattern, including the central-marginal hypothesis that predicts lower diversity at the margins of species' distributions (Kirkpatrick & Barton 1997).…”

Section: Genomic Mechanisms Maintaining Adaptation Despite Gene Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics of local adaptation with gene flow

2016

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Gene flow is a fundamental evolutionary force in adaptation that is especially important to understand as humans are rapidly changing both the natural environment and natural levels of gene flow. Theory proposes a multifaceted role for gene flow in adaptation, but it focuses mainly on the disruptive effect that gene flow has on adaptation when selection is not strong enough to prevent the loss of locally adapted alleles. The role of gene flow in adaptation is now better understood due to the recent development of both genomic models of adaptive evolution and genomic techniques, which both point to the importance of genetic architecture in the origin and maintenance of adaptation with gene flow. In this review, we discuss three main topics on the genomics of adaptation with gene flow. First, we investigate selection on migration and gene flow. Second, we discuss the three potential sources of adaptive variation in relation to the role of gene flow in the origin of adaptation. Third, we explain how local adaptation is maintained despite gene flow: we provide a synthesis of recent genomic models of adaptation, discuss the genomic mechanisms and review empirical studies on the genomics of adaptation with gene flow. Despite predictions on the disruptive effect of gene flow in adaptation, an increasing number of studies show that gene flow can promote adaptation, that local adaptations can be maintained despite high gene flow, and that genetic architecture plays a fundamental role in the origin and maintenance of local adaptation with gene flow.

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“…In insects with generation times on par with the growing season, such as I. rizeensis , an increase in seasonality usually leads to a reduction in body size, since development time is heavily constrained. This pattern is well supported for many univoltine Orthoptera species (Çıplak et al ., ; Lehmann & Lehmann, ; Whitman, ; Bidau et al ., ). However, the general model linking development with available time for growth assumes constant growth rates within species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Humidity and seasonality drives body size patterns in males of the bush cricket Isophya rizeensis Sevgili, 2003 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)

et al. 2013

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Two primary patterns of body size variation have been recorded in ectotherms in relation to latitudinal/altitudinal shifts. In some, body size increases with increasing latitude/altitude whereas, in others, body size decreases with increasing latitude/altitude. This clinal variation is generally assumed to be caused by local adaptation to environmental conditions however the selective variable(s) (temperature, humidity, diet quality, etc.) is still heavily debated. Here we investigate geographic variation in body size of dark and pale color morphs of males of the bush-cricket Isophya rizeensis collected from 15 locations along an elevation gradient ranging from 350 to 2 500 m. Using an information theoretical approach we evaluate the relative support of four different hypotheses (the temperature size rule, the moisture gradient hypothesis, the seasonal constraint hypothesis, and the primary productivity hypothesis) explaining body size variation along the altitudinal gradient. Body size variation in pale color morphs showed a curvilinear relationship with altitude while dark color morphs showed no variation in body size. Body size variation in pale color morphs was highly correlated with precipitation and temperature seasonality values thus giving strong support for the moisture gradient and seasonal constraint hypothesis. Our results reinforce the importance of gradients in humidity and seasonality over temperature in the creation of altitudinal body size clines and the role of selection for resistance to stress factors in the establishment of these clines. Whether a body size cline is observed or not might also depend on the phenotypic properties of the individuals, like coloration.

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Effects of Abiotic Factors on the Geographic Distribution of Body Size Variation and Chromosomal Polymorphisms in Two Neotropical Grasshopper Species (Dichroplus: Melanoplinae: Acrididae)

Cited by 17 publications

References 64 publications

Size and shape in Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera; Meliponini)

Size and shape in Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides Lepeletier, 1836 (Hymenoptera; Meliponini)

Genomics of local adaptation with gene flow

Humidity and seasonality drives body size patterns in males of the bush cricket Isophya rizeensis Sevgili, 2003 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)

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