Effects of abrupt salinity increase on nitrification processes in a freshwater moving bed biofilter

Kinyage, John Peter Hewa; Pedersen, Palle; Pedersen, Lars‐Flemming

doi:10.1016/j.aquaeng.2018.12.005

Cited by 34 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, salinity and organic matters) can lead to NO 2 − accumulation in the system due to the slower cell division of nitrite oxidizing bacteria compared to ammonia oxidizers (Chen, Ling, & Blancheton, ). Additionally, a poor nitrification performance due to changes in operational and environment conditions such as nitrogen loading (change feeding rate and in diet composition), water exchange rates, fluctuation in salinity and sanitary treatments (as antibiotics), as well as high densities and the deterioration in water quality can result in elevated NO 2 − concentration (Emparanza, ; Kinyage, Pedersen, & Pedersen, ; Mydland et al, ; Noble & Summerfelt, ; Svobodová et al, ). Toxic NO 2 − concentrations for the fish can thus be reached, which is one of the most frequent non‐infectious water quality issues in Chilean RAS facilities (Emparanza, ; Noble & Godoy, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic sub‐lethal nitrite exposure at high water chloride concentration on Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar, Linnaeus 1758) parr

et al. 2019

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The present study examined the protective effects of water chloride (Cl−) towards nitrite toxicity in Atlantic salmon parr during 84‐day long nitrite exposure. Effects on growth, histology, blood indices and gene expression were studied at a fixed nominal Cl− concentration of 200 mg/L and at several water nitrite concentrations (0, 0.5, 2, 5 and 10 mg/L NO2−–N). The specific growth rate was significantly reduced during the first three weeks at a Cl:NO2−–N ratio of 21:1, suggesting the activation of coping mechanisms at the later stages of the experiment. No significant effect of nitrite on gill histology and mortality was found. Nitrite accumulated in plasma; however, a Cl:NO2−–N ratio of 104:1 or higher prevented nitrite entry. The concentration of NO2−–N in plasma was significantly reduced at the end of the study, supporting the hypothesis of coping mechanisms. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr)‐1 showed a significant up‐regulation at highest nitrite concentration on day 22, and in three of the highest exposure groups at the end of the experiment. Our findings suggest that a Cl:NO2−–N ratio above 104:1 should be maintained through episodes of nitrite accumulation in water during the production of Atlantic salmon parr.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of chronic sub‐lethal nitrite exposure at high water chloride concentration on Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar, Linnaeus 1758) parr

et al. 2019

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“…Therefore, salt-tolerant cultures, such as the SR culture described in this study, may be suitable and robust inocula for treatment of nitrogen in RAS when fast salinity change is needed in the life cycle of the reared fish, e.g. from hatching to post-smolt in Atlantic salmon production 10 or in wastewaters with fluctuating salinity, a scenario likely to happen in many industrial effluents 42 .The reason for this was the dominance of species with special physiology (see below).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the production of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ), freshwater is used during the young life stages (from hatching to smolt), and seawater is normally used during later life stages (post-smolt)—also for land-based production in RAS 8 , 9 . As brackish and saltwater RAS develop very rapidly, there is an urgent need for more research to improve our understanding and to optimizing biofiltration at different salinities 10 and after abrupt salinity changes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater

Gonzalez-Silva

Jonassen

Bakke

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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In this study, nitrification before and after abrupt cross-transfer in salinity was investigated in two moving bed biofilm reactors inoculated with nitrifying cultures that had adaptation to freshwater (FR) and seawater salinities (SR). FR and SR MBRRs were exposed to short and long term cross-transfer in salinity, and the functional capacity of nitrifying microbial communities was quantified by the estimation of ammonia and nitrite oxidation rates. Salinity induced successions were evaluated before and after salinity change by deep sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and statistical analysis. The bacterial community structure was characterized and Venn diagrams were included. The results indicated that after salinity cross-transfer, the FR was not significantly recovered at seawater salinity whereas SR showed high resistance to stress caused by low-salt. Succession and physiological plasticity were the main mechanisms of the long-term adaption of the nitrifying communities exposed to abrupt salinity changes. Independently of salinity, some nitrifiers presented high physiological plasticity towards salinity and were very successful at both zero and full seawater salinity. SR culture is robust and suitable inoculum for ammonium removal from recirculating aquaculture systems and industrial wastewaters with variable and fast salinity changes. Our findings contradict the current perspective of the significance of salinity on the structure of nitrifying communities.

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“…Salinity affects reaction rates for ammonia oxidising (AOB) and NOB in brackish or saltwater conditions (NaCl above 5 g L −1 ; Kinyage et al., 2019). At very low salinity, NaCl below 3.7 g L −1 , only minor effects have reported whereas complete inhibition was observed at a salinity of NaCl above 24 g L −1 (Cortés‐Lorenzo et al., 2015).…”

Section: Water Quality Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water quality monitoring in recirculating aquaculture systems

Lindholm‐Lehto

2023

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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Good water quality in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) is crucial for ensuring the successful growth and survival of reared species. So far, there are no regulations for which parameters should be measured in RAS, and each farmer decides which parameters to follow. Traditionally, water quality parameters have been measured at certain intervals with handheld sensors and laboratory analyses, which can be labour intensive. Currently, a variety of sensors and monitoring equipment is available, even for the real-time monitoring of water quality parameters. Internet of Things-based systems and artificial intelligence can be applied for the monitoring purposes which allows real-time measurements and warnings of critical situations. However, many of the modern systems need competent users and require regular maintenance and calibration. Changes in water quality also induces changes in fish behaviour, such as swimming activity, depth, acceleration and water quality can be assessed also based on these changes. In this review, water quality parameters, variety of sensors and monitoring technologies have been summarised to provide an overview of the current monitoring systems for water quality. Additionally, analytical methods for more advanced analyses have also been briefly summarised. Although there are several advanced options available for monitoring the basic water quality parameters, real-time measurements of more advanced parameters still required require further development. K E Y W O R D S aquaculture, fish behaviour, Internet of Things (IoT), monitoring equipment, recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), water quality 1 INTRODUCTION Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) are land-based intensive aquaculture systems where water is re-used typically via mechanical and biological treatment to reduce the consumption of water and yet maintain adequate water quality (Martins et al., 2010). RAS utilises modern knowledge of biology, environmental sciences, mechanical engineering and information technology (Xiao et al., 2019). Circulating water is reused multiple times, and only a small proportion is replaced with clean water (Chun et al.

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Effects of abrupt salinity increase on nitrification processes in a freshwater moving bed biofilter

Cited by 34 publications

References 42 publications

Effects of chronic sub‐lethal nitrite exposure at high water chloride concentration on Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar, Linnaeus 1758) parr

Effects of chronic sub‐lethal nitrite exposure at high water chloride concentration on Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar, Linnaeus 1758) parr

Understanding structure/function relationships in nitrifying microbial communities after cross-transfer between freshwater and seawater

Water quality monitoring in recirculating aquaculture systems

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